Decreased interleukin-2 receptor and cell cycle changes in murine lymphocytes exposed in vitro to low doses of cadmium chloride

Payette, Yves; Lachapelle, Mario; Daniel, Claude; Bernier, Jacques; Fournier, Michel; Krzystyniak, K

doi:10.1016/0192-0561(95)00001-i

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Yang et al used zinc and cadmium to induce Rep expression. Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal that has been shown to induce distortion of the cell cycle (48) and apoptosis by causing oxidative stress and DNA damage (1); zinc, in contrast, is efficient at inhibiting apoptosis (39,58). The transient Rep expression system described in this study may be advantageous for profiling the effects of Rep on the cell compared to the stable Rep-expressing cell line, since no chemical inducers are required and alterations of cell physiology due to background levels of Rep expression and clonal selection can be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Rep78 Induces Apoptosis through Caspase Activation Independently of p53

Schmidt

Afione

Kotin

2000

J Virol

114

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Adeno-associated virus (AAV) type 2 Rep78 is a multifunctional protein required for AAV DNA replication, integration, and gene regulation. The biochemical activities of Rep78 have been described, but the effects of Rep proteins on the cell have not been characterized. We have analyzed Rep-mediated cytotoxicity. We demonstrated that Rep78 expression is sufficient to induce cell death and disruption of the cell cycle. Cell death was found to be mediated by apoptosis. Rep78 expression resulted in the activation of caspase-3, a terminal caspase directly involved in the execution of cell death. A peptidic inhibitor of caspase-3, Z-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-fluoromethylketone (Z-DEVD-FMK), abrogated Rep78-induced apoptosis, indicating that Rep78-mediated apoptosis is caspase-3 dependent. Rep78 induced apoptosis in wild-type p53-containing human embryonal carcinoma NT-2 cells and in p53-null promyelocytic human HL-60 cells, indicating that at least one pathway of Rep78-induced apoptosis is p53 independent. Apoptosis was shown to occur during the G 1 and early S phases of the cell cycle. By analyzing the effects of Rep78 mutations on cell viability, the cause of cell death was attributed in part to two biochemical activities of Rep78, DNA binding and ATPase/helicase activity. The endonuclease activity of Rep78 did not contribute to apoptosis induction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Rep78 Induces Apoptosis through Caspase Activation Independently of p53

Schmidt

Afione

Kotin

2000

J Virol

114

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“…Some of these metallic compounds have been reported to have an immunotoxic effect. [25][26][27] This gives confidence to the immunotoxicological evaluation in this lymphocyte mitogenesis test.…”

Section: Features In Each Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotoxicological Evaluation of Environmental Chemicals Utilizing Mouse Lymphocyte Mitogenesis Test.

Sakazaki

Ueno

Umetani

et al. 2001

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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To establish a useful and convenient bioassay for evaluating immunotoxicological effects of environmental chemicals, lymphocyte mitogenesis tests of about 255 chemicals and environmental water were performed. We determined the growth-inhibitory effect of the environmental chemicals on the mouse splenic lymphocyte mitogenesis using lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin A as the specific mitogen for B cells and T cells, and evaluated toxicity on humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity, respectively. The DNA content of grown cells was determined by the novel ethidium bromide-fluorophotometry method, with 96-well microplates. Of the 255 chemicals tested, 173 chemicals showed inhibitory effects on the mitogenesis. The data were classified into four typical inhibition patterns from the dose-response curves. The chemicals were categorized into six groups in the respect of inhibition selectivity between B cell mitogenesis and T cell mitogenesis. Some chemicals, such as metallic compounds, showed nonspecific effects for B cell and T cell-mitogenesis, which was attributed to the cytotoxicity. The previous reports relating to immunotoxicity found about 123 chemicals; 78 chemicals (63.4%) were positive and one chemical (0.8%) was negative for both experimental results and reported results. In total, the concordance between experimental results and reported results is 64.2%. In the application of river water concentrates for the lymphocyte mitogenesis test, some of the samples inhibited both B cell and T cell mitogenesis at the tested volume of 7.2 ml. These results indicated that the lymphocyte mitogenesis test is applicable in estimating immunotoxicity of pollutants in environmental water as well as authentic environmental chemicals.

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“…Toxic effects of Cd on immune organs and differentiation of immune cells, as well as on the specific and non-specific immune responses, indicate an impact on the immune system as a whole, which can lead to a significant decrease in host-resistance. However, the inconsistency of experimental results has revealed that the immunotoxicity of Cd depends on the speciation of the metal employed, the route, dose and duration of exposure, as well as the physiological status of the animal [17,18]. Pillet et al [19] suggested that Cdchloride treatment in mice make depth alterations in immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of cadmium induced immunotoxicological alterations in rats by Tunisian montmorillonite clay

Abbès¹,

Salah-Abbès²,

Nahdi³

et al. 2007

International Immunopharmacology

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Decreased interleukin-2 receptor and cell cycle changes in murine lymphocytes exposed in vitro to low doses of cadmium chloride

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Rep78 Induces Apoptosis through Caspase Activation Independently of p53

Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Rep78 Induces Apoptosis through Caspase Activation Independently of p53

Immunotoxicological Evaluation of Environmental Chemicals Utilizing Mouse Lymphocyte Mitogenesis Test.

Inactivation of cadmium induced immunotoxicological alterations in rats by Tunisian montmorillonite clay

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