Decreased Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes During Aflatoxicosis , ,

Osborne, Dennis J.; Hamilton, Pat B.

doi:10.3382/ps.0601818

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Aflatoxin increased amylase and lipase but not trypsin in egg-type chickens (Table 3), whereas the specific activities of trypsin, amylase, and lipase were decreased significantly in broilers (Osborne and Hamilton, 1981b;Osborne et al, 1982). Chymotrypsin, whose specific activity was stimulated more in egg-type chickens by aflatoxin than were amylase and lipase, was not measured in broilers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…lipid malabsorption (Osborne and Hamilton, 1981a) accompanied by a decrease in the specific activity of pancreatic trypsin, amylase, and lipase (Osborne and Hamilton, 1981b;Osborne et al, 1982). When the data were corrected for the pancreatomegaly (Smith and Hamilton, 1970;Osborne and Hamilton, 1981a,b), aflatoxin caused in broilers a specific deficiency of pancreatic lipase and amylase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Production of Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes During Aflatoxicosis in Egg-Type Chickens ,

Richardson

Hamilton

1987

Poultry Science

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As aflatoxin causes malabsorption and its toxicity is enhanced by a low protein diet, digestive enzymes formed in the pancreas apparently are influenced by aflatoxin. This hypothesis was investigated in a 2 X 2 factorial experiment. Six groups of 10 egg-type chickens per treatment were analyzed for the absence and presence of aflatoxin (0 and 4 micrograms/g diet) and for normal (12.75%) and low (10.00%) protein in soy-dextrose diets. The specific activities of pancreatic chymotrypsin, amylase, and lipase, but not trypsin, were increased significantly (P less than .01) by aflatoxin. Lowering dietary protein had no effect by itself except to increase amylase activity. Low protein and aflatoxin interacted to lessen but not prevent the effect of aflatoxin on chymotrypsin and amylase. Calculation of total pancreatic activities revealed that aflatoxin increased trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, and lipase to 107, 169, 113, and 119%, respectively, of control values on the low protein diet, whereas values were 99, 175, 115, and 115%, respectively, on the normal protein diet. Neither aflatoxin nor low protein altered significantly (P less than .05) the lipid content of fecal material. Thus, aflatoxicosis in egg-type chickens is characterized by a surplus of some digestive enzymes and by normal fecal lipids in contrast to the specific deficiency of amylase and lipase and steatorrhea reported earlier in meat-type chickens. Whereas malabsorption caused by aflatoxin in broilers can be accounted for in part by impaired digestion, this mechanism apparently does not occur in egg-type chickens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Production of Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes During Aflatoxicosis in Egg-Type Chickens ,

Richardson

Hamilton

1987

Poultry Science

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“…The results from the present study are not in agreement with other studies where significantly reduced body weights were observed when birds were exposed to higher dietary AF (400 and 600 ppb AF). The depression in growth upon feeding AF was attributed to reduced protein and energy utilization (Smith and Hamilton, 1970;Lanza et al 1980;Doerr et al, 1983;Dalvi and Ademoyero, 1984;Verma et al, 2002) which impaired nutrient absorption and reduced pancreatic digestive enzyme production (Osborne and Hamilton, 1981) and consequently reduced appetite (Sharline et al, 1980). Similarly, significant depressions in body weight gain were also recorded in broilers given diets containing 1 and 2 mg/kg of AF (1000 to 2000 ppb) at 4 and 7 weeks of age.…”

Section: Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 83%

Comparative Evaluation of Different Techniques for Aflatoxin Detoxification in Poultry Feed and Its Effect on Broiler Performance

Mahmood¹,

Pasha²,

Khattak³

2011

Aflatoxins - Detection, Measurement and Control

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“…Wood shavings were indeed observed in the gizzards but no attempt was made to quantify them. Osborne and Hamilton (1981) reported a significant (close to 50%) decrease in pancreatic enzymes (amylase, trypsin and lipase) in chickens exposed to aflatoxins. It might be possible that the increased relative pancreas weight observed in the present study could potentially be the result of aflatoxin-induced pancreatic damage leading to organ inflammation (similar to the liver response), which is also manifested as a decrease in pancreatic function, as it was reported by Osborne and Hamilton.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of the ability of a feed additive to ameliorate the adverse effects of aflatoxins in turkey poults

Diaz

Cortés

Botero

2009

British Poultry Science

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1. A study was conducted to evaluate the possible protective effect of a feed additive containing aluminosilicate and phytogenic substances against the adverse effects of aflatoxins in turkey poults. 2. Dietary treatments (6) were given to turkey poults from d 1 to d 42 of age. From d 1 to 21 the dietary treatments were as follows: 1, negative control, no aflatoxins or feed additive added; 2, feed additive control, 1 kg/t feed additive, no aflatoxins; 3, 250 ppb (microg/kg) aflatoxins, no feed additive; 4, 250 ppb aflatoxins + 1 kg/t feed additive; 5, 500 ppb aflatoxins, no feed additive; and 6, 500 ppb aflatoxins + 1 kg/t feed additive. From d 22 to 42, the dietary concentration of the feed additive was increased from 1 to 2 kg/t in all treatment groups receiving the feed additive (2, 4 and 6), while keeping constant the dietary concentrations of aflatoxins. 3. Aflatoxins at 250 ppb did not cause adverse effects on performance but affected certain toxicopathological parameters. At 500 ppb, adverse effects on performance and several toxicological parameters were observed. 4. Some of the adverse affects were partially or completely overcome by supplementation with the feed additive, including amelioration of the performance parameters, suppression of mortality and correction of the immunological alterations induced by the exposure to the aflatoxins.

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Decreased Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes During Aflatoxicosis , ,

Cited by 34 publications

References 14 publications

Enhanced Production of Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes During Aflatoxicosis in Egg-Type Chickens ,

Enhanced Production of Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes During Aflatoxicosis in Egg-Type Chickens ,

Comparative Evaluation of Different Techniques for Aflatoxin Detoxification in Poultry Feed and Its Effect on Broiler Performance

Evaluation of the ability of a feed additive to ameliorate the adverse effects of aflatoxins in turkey poults

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