Decreases of Apolipoprotein B-100 and A-I Concentrations and Induction of Haptoglobin and Serum Amyloid A in Nonfed Calves.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Reduced feed intake near parturition is suggested to be one of the major causal factors for the development of fatty liver in cows, and nonfeeding has been used as an experimental model for fatty liver. In cows with fatty liver, concentrations of lipoprotein lipids and proteins are decreased. In addition, the acute-phase protein haptoglobin is induced. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the decrease of lipoprotein concentrations and the induction of acute-phase proteins were similarly reproduced by nonfeeding. Holstein female calves (n=5) were nonfed for 3 days and thereafter refed. Serum concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyric acid were initially increased by the nonfeeding, and followed by decreases in concentrations of cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 and apoA-I. The apoC-III concentration was not distinctly decreased. Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A were induced during the nonfeeding and refeeding process. Haptoglobin was distributed in different proportions in the highdensity lipoprotein, very high-density lipoprotein and the lipoprotein-deficient fractions, whereas almost all serum amyloid A was associated with the high-density lipoprotein fraction. These results suggest that the decreases in lipoprotein concentrations and induction of acute-phase proteins found in cows with fatty liver and those with fatty liver-related diseases such as ketosis are primarily due to the reduced feed intake near parturition. KEY WORDS: apolipoprotein, bovine, haptoglobin, nonfeeding, serum amyloid A.

Acute Phase Proteins in Experimentally Induced Pregnancy Toxemia in Goats

“…13 In the same study, Hp was also observed to be increased but lagged behind the rise in NEFA and was not increased in most calves after 2-3 days of refeeding. 13 There are some evidences of a relationship between Hp and lipids. In humans, Hp is synthesized by adipocytes as well as by hepatocytes, 9 and Hp locus is close to the loci of lipid-related enzymes such as lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein.…”

Selected serum biochemical parameters and acute phase protein levels in a herd of Saanen goats showing signs of pregnancy toxaemia

“…Hp is induced in cows with fatty liver syndrome (Katoh et al 2002). Increases in serum haptoglobin values can be a potential indicator of acidosis in goats (Gonzalez et al 2010).…”

Application of acute phase protein measurements in veterinary clinical chemistry

“…Banding is not associated with changes in the Hp concentration [41], whereas castration is followed by an increased Hp level Cattle Experimental local aseptic inflammation [22,28] Infection with bovine virus diarrhea virus and Pasteurella haemolytica [61] Experimental infection with P. multocida [33] Experimental infection with P. haemolytica [87] Infection with bovine herpes virus 1 and P. haemolytica A1 [58] Experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus [65] Natural infections with foot-and-mouth disease virus [81] Mastitis [40,68,70,130,152] Various acute infections under field conditions [164] Clinical respiratory tract disease [188] Various inflammatory diseases [6] Acute inflammations [104] Castration [35,47,50,51,52] Ruminotomy [119] Metritis [71,165,166] Severe uterine bacterial post partum contamination [160] Fatty liver (hepatic lipidosis) [87,124,192] Nonfeeding for 3 days [88] Starvation for 2 days combined with Dexamethasone treatments [193] Transportation for 2 days [120] Major injuries at slaughter/culling [69,149] Horse Experimental aseptic arthritis [80] Experimental local aseptic inflammation [113,171] Experimentally induced noninfectious ...…”

“…However, individual variations in SAA peak concentration has been described in horses subjected to the same inducing stimulus such as experimental aseptic arthritis or surgical castration [79]. Inflammation [6,86] Subclinical inflammation [86] Mastitis [40,70,133] Infection with Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1 ([193] found decreased concentration) [73] Experimental infection with Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus and/or Mannheima haemolytica [61] Experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus [65] Nonfeeding for 3 days [88] Horse Experimental aseptic arthritis. [79,80] Surgical trauma [79,137,154] Local aseptic inflammation [128] Septicemia and focal infections in foals [168] Various infections in foals [76] Enteritis, pneumonia, diarrhea and fever [128,154] Experimental infection with Equine herpes virus Serotype 1 [137] Infection with Equine influenza virus serotype A2 [78] …”