Deep chlorophyll maxima, spatial overlap and diversity in phytoplankton exposed to experimentally altered thermal stratification

Jobin, Vincent; Beisner, Beatrix E.

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbu036

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The ~15‐cm‐resolution profiles were taken from the center of each transect at the same time we sampled CH 4 ebullition and diffusion, using a calibrated FluoroProbe (bbe Moldaenke, Schwentinental, Germany). The Fluoroprobe is a submersible fluorometer that uses multiple wavelengths to measure concentrations of total phytoplankton biomass in units of μg phytoplankton L −1 (Catherine et al, ; Kring et al, ; Ouellet Jobin & Beisner, 2014). We determined the mean phytoplankton biomass at each transect by averaging the values of the water column profile (Carey, Gerling, et al, 2018; Carey, Lofton, et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magnitude and Drivers of Methane Ebullition and Diffusion Vary on a Longitudinal Gradient in a Small Freshwater Reservoir

et al. 2020

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Key Points CH4 ebullition rates decreased by 98% and CH4 diffusion decreased by 32% on a longitudinal gradient from reservoir inflow to dam Ebullition was driven by physical variables upstream and phytoplankton downstream; diffusion was most related to phytoplankton Despite large variation in CH4 emissions longitudinally, time series models well captured the dynamics of emissions from a small reservoir

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magnitude and Drivers of Methane Ebullition and Diffusion Vary on a Longitudinal Gradient in a Small Freshwater Reservoir

et al. 2020

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“…A DCM formed in the mesocosms, between 4 and 6 m, the depth at which it normally also occurs in the lake (Ouellet & Beisner, ). The strength of the DCM varied between the treatments and through time however (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mesocosms consisted of 1 m diameter × 10 m deep enclosures of polyethylene plastic, open at the surface and closed to the surrounding water column. This lake basin typically stratifies strongly in June (Gauthier, Prairie, & Beisner, ), and a DCM is generally present (Ouellet & Beisner, ). Once the lake had stratified, 16 mesocosms were installed (10 June 2015) by filling each enclosure with filtered (54 μm to exclude crustacean zooplankton) lake water taken equally from the epilimnion, the metalimnion and the hypolimnion using a pump.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We further hypothesised that zooplankton grazing would influence the size and depth characteristics of the DCM, with amplified herbivory at elevated CO 2 concentrations in response to stimulated phytoplankton productivity. (Gauthier, Prairie, & Beisner, 2014), and a DCM is generally present (Ouellet & Beisner, 2014). Once the lake had stratified, 16 mesocosms were installed (10 June 2015) by filling each enclosure with filtered (54 lm to exclude crustacean zooplankton) lake water taken equally from the epilimnion, the metalimnion and the hypolimnion using a pump.…”

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Interaction effects of zooplankton and CO₂ on phytoplankton communities and the deep chlorophyll maximum

Paquette

Beisner

2018

Freshwater Biology

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Studies examining the consequences of increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in freshwater ecosystems associated with climate change have focused on direct effects for phytoplankton, showing increases in primary productivity, biomass or altered composition. However, in lakes, phytoplankton dynamics are also regulated by zooplankton predation and thermal stratification which can lead to a concentration of phytoplankton biomass in a deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) layer, making the response to CO2 increase important to understand here. Mesocosm experiments were conducted in a meso‐oligotrophic north temperate lake with a strong summer phytoplankton DCM, to estimate the independent and interaction effects of zooplankton grazing and elevated pCO2 on water column phytoplankton communities and on DCM characteristics. Interaction of CO2 effects with zooplankton grazing occurred for three of four phytoplankton spectral groups, influencing water column phytoplankton biomass. Zooplankton selective grazing appeared as important as CO2 concentration in controlling phytoplankton population and biomass. Unexpectedly, CO2 had an overall negative effect on phytoplankton total biomass despite positive productivity responses. Elevated CO2 led to more peaked (stronger vertical gradient) mid‐water column chlorophyll distribution, but to smaller DCM peaks overall. Zooplankton had unexpected effects, inducing clustering of more edible phytoplankton and greater temporal variation in the DCM. Our experiment points to interactions in the microbial food web and stoichiometric considerations with nutrient addition that should be explored further in future work with realistic lake food webs to better understand these complex responses to CO2.

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“…Previous studies have described patterns of vertical chlorophyll distributions or temporal variations of SCM in deep and clear midlatitude lakes (Ouellet Jobin & Beisner, ; Xu et al, ). Spatial distribution of SCM and related factors in the lakes are not well documented in a broad range of lakes including subtropical, mesotrophic lakes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variations of Subsurface Chlorophyll Maxima During Thermal Stratification in a Large, Deep Subtropical Reservoir

et al. 2020

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Subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SCM) are found in stratified lakes, reservoirs, and oceans. Spatial variations of the SCM magnitude, depth, and thickness during stratification and related factors were examined in a large, deep subtropical reservoir, Lake Qiandaohu. Significant spatial differences in the SCM parameters were found throughout the lake as thermal stratification developed in the late spring of 2014. SCM depth and thickness were positively correlated with euphotic depth and mixed layer depth but negatively correlated with epilimnetic nutrient concentrations. SCM magnitude was negatively correlated with euphotic depth and mixed layer depth and positively correlated with epilimnetic nutrient concentrations. Seasonal variations in SCM differed among subregions of the lake, which were related to seasonal differences in environmental parameters. SCM (averaging 66.2 mg/m2 in spring and 96.4 mg/m2 in summer) accounted for about 82% of the total areal chlorophyll of the water column (Tchl), and the SCM magnitude was better correlated with Tchl than the surface chlorophyll concentration. This study contributes to understanding of factors causing spatial variations in of SCM in the deep subtropical lakes.

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Deep chlorophyll maxima, spatial overlap and diversity in phytoplankton exposed to experimentally altered thermal stratification

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

The Magnitude and Drivers of Methane Ebullition and Diffusion Vary on a Longitudinal Gradient in a Small Freshwater Reservoir

The Magnitude and Drivers of Methane Ebullition and Diffusion Vary on a Longitudinal Gradient in a Small Freshwater Reservoir

Interaction effects of zooplankton and CO₂ on phytoplankton communities and the deep chlorophyll maximum

Spatial Variations of Subsurface Chlorophyll Maxima During Thermal Stratification in a Large, Deep Subtropical Reservoir

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Deep chlorophyll maxima, spatial overlap and diversity in phytoplankton exposed to experimentally altered thermal stratification

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

The Magnitude and Drivers of Methane Ebullition and Diffusion Vary on a Longitudinal Gradient in a Small Freshwater Reservoir

The Magnitude and Drivers of Methane Ebullition and Diffusion Vary on a Longitudinal Gradient in a Small Freshwater Reservoir

Interaction effects of zooplankton and CO2 on phytoplankton communities and the deep chlorophyll maximum

Spatial Variations of Subsurface Chlorophyll Maxima During Thermal Stratification in a Large, Deep Subtropical Reservoir

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Interaction effects of zooplankton and CO₂ on phytoplankton communities and the deep chlorophyll maximum