Deep Cryogenic Treatment of AISI M2 Tool Steel and Optimisation of Its Wear Characteristics Using Taguchi‘s Approach

Kumar, Satish; Nagraj, Mohan; Bongale, Arunkumar; Khedkar, Nitin K.

doi:10.1007/s13369-018-3242-y

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similarly but slightly different in this work, cryogenic treatment at −160°C obtained more improvement of wear resistance than −120°C, and wear resistance at −196°C improved almost the same as −160°C, only higher by 0.29%, which may be due to the introduction of multiple cycles of cryogenic treatment. Likewise, improvement of wear resistance increases with extending holding time, as reported in recent research [43][44][45][46], which was demonstrated in this work as well. And the optimum holding time was 24 h in this work, which was identical to the findings of Senthilkumar et al [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Cyclic Cryogenic Treatment on Wear Resistance, Impact Toughness, and Microstructure of 42CrMo Steel and Its Optimization

Zhang

Yan

Qiang

et al. 2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Cyclic cryogenic treatment, a major cycle accompanied by zero or more subsidiary cycles, was conducted on the hardened 42CrMo steel using orthogonal design method to investigate the effect of different parameters (cryogenic temperature, holding time, and cycles number) of cryogenic treatment on wear resistance and impact toughness of the steel. Range analysis was performed to obtain the influencing order of the three parameters and their optimum values. The results show that after cryogenic treatment, the steel exhibits higher wear resistance and impact toughness, whereas no significant change in hardness. For wear resistance, the influencing order of parameters is cryogenic temperature, holding time, and cycles number, and the optimum values of the parameters are −160°C, 24 h and two cycles, respectively. For impact toughness, the influencing order of parameters is cryogenic temperature, cycles number, and holding time, and the optimum values are −120°C, 24 h and three cycles, respectively. The wear topography and fracture topography were examined using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) to investigate the wear mechanism and fracture mechanism of the steel after cryogenic treatment, respectively. The results show that after cryogenic treatment, the wear mechanism is the combination of abrasive wear and adhesive wear with oxidative wear, and the fracture mechanism is a quasicleavage fracture. The microstructure was also examined by SEM to investigate the influencing mechanism of cryogenic treatment for improving wear resistance and impact toughness of the steel. It suggests that more precipitation of fine carbides dispersively distributed in the matrix is responsible for the beneficial effect of cryogenic treatment on wear resistance and impact toughness of the steel.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Cyclic Cryogenic Treatment on Wear Resistance, Impact Toughness, and Microstructure of 42CrMo Steel and Its Optimization

Zhang

Yan

Qiang

et al. 2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Based on the above study, the performance of Liquid nitrogen treatment of tools in comparison with heattreated and untreated was found to be improving due to its microstructural changes after the cryogenic treatment [22,23]. Certainly, investigations required for holding time during the treatment is found to be inadequate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Machining performance evaluation of liquid nitrogen treated M2 cutting tools for turning operations

Kumar¹,

Bongale²,

Khedkar³

2020

FME Transactions

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The present study is focused on liquid nitrogen treatment of M2 tool steel for 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours at-196 0 C followed by tempering at 150 0 C. The treated tool samples are used for machining low carbon steel on a CNC lathe to varying combinations of Spindle speed (700, 1100 & 1800 rpm), Feed rate (0.1, 0.125 & 0.15 rev/mm) and Depth of cut (0.15, 0.3 & 0.45 mm). Taguchi's Design of experiments and ANOVA methods are used to statistically analyze the effect of cutting parameters and cutting forces on the tool wear and surface roughness after experimentation. SEM analysis is carried out to investigate the type of tool wear experienced by the cutting tools. The regression analysis has resulted in a model to predict the values of surface roughness, tool wear and friction coefficient, with a maximum error of ±6% from the actual experimental values.

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“…Cryogenic treatment has many uses such as in hospital applications, product stocking, cooling in machining, and as an alternative to conventional heat treatment of engineering materials. 2,3 When applied to cutting tools, the cryogenic treatment known as subzero treatment is acknowledged as a way to increase their wear resistance. Wang et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taguchi optimization of surface roughness in the turning of Hastelloy C22 super alloy using cryogenically treated ceramic inserts

Akincioğlu

Gökkaya

Akıncıoğlu

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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Cryogenic treatment has been used in recent years to improve the performance of cutting tools. This study evaluated the machinability of a nickel–molybdenum-based super alloy using cryogenically treated (–80 ℃ and –145 ℃) ceramic inserts under dry turning conditions. Three cutting speeds (350, 400, and 450 m/min), three feed rates (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm/rev), and a 1-mm fixed cutting depth were used in the turning tests. Experiments were conducted using the Taguchi orthogonal array L27 design. The factors affecting the surface roughness (Ra) were determined via analysis of variance. The effect of cryogenic treatment type (shallow and deep), cutting speed, and feed rate on surface roughness was investigated. Results of the analysis determined that the feed rate was the major parameter that affected surface roughness and that the deep cryogenic treatment was more effective. The regression analysis confirmed that the experimental results and the predicted values were within the 95% confidence interval. The most effective parameter affecting the surface roughness was feed rate at a contribution of 57.9%. The contribution of the cutting tool type to the surface roughness was 28.5%. The results obtained showed that the surface roughness can be optimized for turning the Hastelloy c22 super alloy with the Taguchi method.

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Deep Cryogenic Treatment of AISI M2 Tool Steel and Optimisation of Its Wear Characteristics Using Taguchi‘s Approach

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Cyclic Cryogenic Treatment on Wear Resistance, Impact Toughness, and Microstructure of 42CrMo Steel and Its Optimization

Effect of Cyclic Cryogenic Treatment on Wear Resistance, Impact Toughness, and Microstructure of 42CrMo Steel and Its Optimization

Machining performance evaluation of liquid nitrogen treated M2 cutting tools for turning operations

Taguchi optimization of surface roughness in the turning of Hastelloy C22 super alloy using cryogenically treated ceramic inserts

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