“…Work on individual entities -the kinds of entities proper names refer to -in computational linguistics and NLP has often made use of nov-els. However, such approaches have concentrated mainly on conceptually different tasks: learning character types (Bamman et al, 2013, Flekova andGurevych, 2015), inferring characters' features (Louis and Sutton, 2018), relations (Iyyer et al, 2016, Elson et al, 2010), networks (Labatut and Bost, 2019 or on broader natural language understanding tasks (Frermann et al, 2018), such as inferring plot structure (Elsner, 2012). Here, instead, the focus is on the investigation of the semantic and referential distinction between proper names and common nouns, whose distinct categorical status is a solid cross-linguistic phenomenon (Van Langendonck and Van de Velde, 2016).…”