Deep learning classification of tooth scores made by different carnivores: achieving high accuracy when comparing African carnivore taxa and testing the hominin shift in the balance of power

Abellán, Natalia; Jiménez-García, Blanca; Aznarte, José Luis; Baquedano, Enrique; Domı́nguez-Rodrigo, Manuel

doi:10.1007/s12520-021-01273-9

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…At present, multiple different techniques exist for the study of carnivore tooth marks, from more traditional metric variables based on simple measurements [ 37 , 38 , 39 ], to more complex means of extracting these measurements via 3D models and micro-topographies [ 40 , 41 , 46 , 47 , 48 ], as well as visual elements extracted from images [ 49 , 50 ]. The present study paid particular attention to how captivity affects variables such as WIS, which can be considered an analogy with any of the metric variables described by authors for the metric study of scores [ 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were collected during the winter months of 2010 and 2011. The first of these samples have been previously included in publications including [ 32 , 41 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 50 , 53 , 57 ], while the latter by [ 45 , 53 , 58 ]. Both samples were produced by groups of adult individuals, seven individuals in the case of Cabárceno and five in the case of Hosquillo.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other notable advances in literature have shown how volumetric and micro-topographical information derived from confocal microscopy can provide valuable information [ 47 , 48 ]. Likewise, deep learning-based computer vision techniques have also been proposed for answering a number of these questions [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

3D Insights into the Effects of Captivity on Wolf Mastication and Their Tooth Marks; Implications in Ecological Studies of Both the Past and Present

Courtenay

Herranz‐Rodrigo

Yravedra

et al. 2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human populations have been known to develop complex relationships with large carnivore species throughout time, with evidence of both competition and collaboration to obtain resources throughout the Pleistocene. From this perspective, many archaeological and palaeontological sites present evidence of carnivore modifications to bone. In response to this, specialists in the study of microscopic bone surface modifications have resorted to the use of 3D modeling and data science techniques for the inspection of these elements, reaching novel limits for the discerning of carnivore agencies. The present research analyzes the tooth mark variability produced by multiple Iberian wolf individuals, with the aim of studying how captivity may affect the nature of tooth marks left on bone. In addition to this, four different populations of both wild and captive Iberian wolves are also compared for a more in-depth comparison of intra-species variability. This research statistically shows that large canid tooth pits are the least affected by captivity, while tooth scores appear more superficial when produced by captive wolves. The superficial nature of captive wolf tooth scores is additionally seen to correlate with other metric features, thus influencing overall mark morphologies. In light of this, the present study opens a new dialogue on the reasons behind this, advising caution when using tooth scores for carnivore identification and contemplating how elements such as stress may be affecting the wolves under study.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

3D Insights into the Effects of Captivity on Wolf Mastication and Their Tooth Marks; Implications in Ecological Studies of Both the Past and Present

Courtenay

Herranz‐Rodrigo

Yravedra

et al. 2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the prior experimental study, several model architectures were tested: Alexnet, VGG16, two VGG-module-based models (Jason1, Jason2), ResNet50 and InceptionV3 [33,46,47]. A selection of these models (VGG16, Jason2, ResNet50, InceptionV3) was made and a new one (Densenet 201) was added for the present analysis.…”

Section: (B) Description Of the Deep Learning Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep classification of cut-marks on bones from Arroyo del Vizcaíno (Uruguay)

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The earliest widely accepted presence of humans in America dates to approximately 17.5 cal kyr BP, at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Among other evidence, this presence is attested by stone tools and associated cut-marks and other bone surface modifications (BSM), interpreted as the result of the consumption of animals by humans. Claims of an older human presence in the continent have been made based on the proposed anthropogenic modification of faunal remains; however, these have been controversial due to the highly subjective nature of the interpretations. Here, we employ advanced deep learning algorithms to objectively increase the accuracy of BSM identification on bones. With several models that exhibit BSM classification accuracies greater than 94%, we use ensemble learning techniques to robustly classify a selected sample of BSM from the approximately 30 kyr BP site of Arroyo del Vizcaíno, Uruguay. Our results confidently show the presence of cut-marks imparted by stone tools on bones at the site. This result supports an earlier presence of humans in the American continent, expanding additional genetic and archaeological evidence of a human LGM and pre-LGM presence in the continent.

show abstract

“…A subsequent analysis of multiple carnivore tooth marks underscored this problem by showing systematic misclassification of the jaguar tooth scores [2]. They were mostly classified as lion tooth marks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrigendum to ‘Deep learning improves taphonomic resolution: high accuracy in differentiating tooth marks made by lions and jaguars'

Jiménez-García¹,

Abellán²,

Baquedano³

et al. 2020

J. R. Soc. Interface.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Deep learning classification of tooth scores made by different carnivores: achieving high accuracy when comparing African carnivore taxa and testing the hominin shift in the balance of power

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

3D Insights into the Effects of Captivity on Wolf Mastication and Their Tooth Marks; Implications in Ecological Studies of Both the Past and Present

3D Insights into the Effects of Captivity on Wolf Mastication and Their Tooth Marks; Implications in Ecological Studies of Both the Past and Present

Deep classification of cut-marks on bones from Arroyo del Vizcaíno (Uruguay)

Corrigendum to ‘Deep learning improves taphonomic resolution: high accuracy in differentiating tooth marks made by lions and jaguars'

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About