Deep‐Ocean Circulation in the Southwest Pacific Ocean Interior: Estimates of the Mean Flow and Variability Using Deep Argo Data

Zilberman, Nathalie; Roemmich, Dean; Gilson, John

doi:10.1029/2020gl088342

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…is still not fully answered. The international community have cast their eyes toward the future to improve not only the Argo fleet but also other measurement methodologies [259][260][261] . The ongoing and planned efforts include the maintenance of the current GOOS, and shipboard in situ measurements for calibration, validation and quality control of the Argo array; a drive toward spatial completion, including polar sea-ice zones, marginal seas and complicated channels; increased resolution in critical areas such as boundary currents and coastal areas; incorporation of deeper measurements (for example below 2,000 m); and inclusion of biological and chemical signals, along with temperature and salinity (Deep Argo and BioGeoChemical Argo programmes).…”

Section: Summary and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GCOS, Global Climate Observing System; IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; OHC, ocean heat content. a OHC estimates are based on three datasets59,60,62 , with trends calculated separately for each dataset based on locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS)81,259 , and then averaged. Trends represent averages over the Earth's surface (5.1 × 10 14 m 2…”

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confidence: 99%

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Past and future ocean warming

Cheng

Schuckmann

Abraham

et al. 2022

Nat Rev Earth Environ

114

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Increasing anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations cause a positive Earth energy imbalance (EEI), with resulting surplus heat in the climate system increasing ocean heat content (OHC) 1-3 (Fig. 1a, F1). Unprecedented oceanic warming has been observed since at least the 1950s, reaching record values from 2012-2021 (rEFs. 3,4 ). This oceanic warming has been pervasive, spreading from the surface to the abyssal layers (each responding differently; Box 1), and with the long-term oHC trend accelerating [5][6][7][8] .Owing to the large thermal inertia of the ocean, subsurface warming represents the slow response to external influences, in particular to GHG forcing (Box 1). In response to past and current carbon emissions, future ocean warming is therefore committed for many centuries 5,9 , and is related to the current acceleration of ocean warming 10 (Fig. 1a). For instance, under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5, it is projected that the total upper-2,000-m OHC increase from 2017-2100 will be ~5-7 times that observed from 1970 to 2017 (rEF. 6 ). The irreversibility of this ocean warming on centennial timescales creates additional requirements for climate policy, particularly considering the widespread impacts 10,11 .Indeed, ocean warming has a multifaceted role in the Earth system via its links to the energy, water and carbon

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Section: Summary and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Past and future ocean warming

Cheng

Schuckmann

Abraham

et al. 2022

Nat Rev Earth Environ

114

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“…We report LNADW temperature changes in the Irminger Sea and discuss their likely drivers, distinguishing local dynamical signatures from intrinsic ISOW and DSOW anomalies. We also further demonstrate the high scientific value of sustained a Deep-Argo array (Foppert et al, 2021;Johnson, 2019;Johnson et al, 2020;Kobayashi, 2018;Racapé et al, 2019;Zilberman et al, 2020), and to particularly highlight its usefulness alongside repeat shipboard hydrography and moored instrumentations for a comprehensive monitoring of deep temperature changes. The data sets and the methodology are described in Section 2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

Warming‐to‐Cooling Reversal of Overflow‐Derived Water Masses in the Irminger Sea During 2002–2021

Desbruyères

Bravo

Thierry

et al. 2022

Geophysical Research Letters

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The warming of the global ocean remains an unabated consequence of human-driven climate change (IPCC et al., 2021). The progressive rise in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations causes an extra downward heat flux of about 0.6-0.8 W m −2 through the sea surface (Desbruyères et al., 2017;Johnson et al., 2016), with a likely acceleration in recent years (Von Schuckmann et al., 2020) and several ramifications on sea level rise (Tebaldi et al., 2021), ocean stratification and mixing processes (Sallée et al., 2021), or ocean deoxygenation and carbon sequestration (Keeling et al., 2009). This global warming rate is often inferred from in situ observations of ocean heat content, which became well constrained in the mid-2000s owing to the completed implementation of the global network of 0-2,000 m Argo profiling platforms (Riser et al., 2016). A significant source of uncertainty on global and regional OHC increase remains however linked to the comparatively poor systematic and homogeneous sampling of the deep ocean below 2,000 (Garry et al., 2019;Purkey & Johnson, 2010). This issue contributed to motivate the deep extension of the Argo array since the mid 2010s, the Deep-Argo program (Johnson et al., 2015;Roemmich et al., 2019). Key regions for deep ocean heat storage variability were targeted to conduct Deep-Argo pilot experiments. One of them is the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean (SPNA) where a cold and dense water mass-the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW)-constantly propagates interannual to multi-decadal thermohaline and biogeochemical

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“…The original purpose of maintaining over 1,000 Deep Argo floats is to close the heat, freshwater, and sea-level budgets, characterize decadal variability in deep ocean water masses and estimate the mean and decadal variability in deep ocean circulation including the meridional overturning circulations (Johnson et al, 2015). Because of the nearly 250 Deep Argo floats deployed in deep areas of the South Pacific, South Indian, and Atlantic Ocean, we are currently able to estimate the warming rate of deep water in some basins (Johnson et al, 2019(Johnson et al, , 2020 and reexamine the deep currents in some basins (Racapé et al, 2019;Tamsitt et al, 2019;Zilberman et al, 2020). Likewise, it is possible to have assessments on internal (Johnson et al, 2019).…”

Section: 1029/2021jc017878mentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Wave Imprints on Temperature Fluctuations as Revealed by Rapid‐Sampling Deep Profiling Floats

et al. 2021

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The two-decade Argo array has been the most successful ocean observation network in the 21st century. Nearly 4,000 profiling floats, covering the ice-free oceans, have sustained continuous observations of temperature and salinity from the sea surface to 2,000 m and provided unprecedented data distributed in the global ocean (Roemmich, Alford, et al., 2019). Over 2 million profiles of upper ocean measurements have significantly broadened our scopes of multiscale oceanic processes (

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Deep‐Ocean Circulation in the Southwest Pacific Ocean Interior: Estimates of the Mean Flow and Variability Using Deep Argo Data

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Past and future ocean warming

Past and future ocean warming

Warming‐to‐Cooling Reversal of Overflow‐Derived Water Masses in the Irminger Sea During 2002–2021

Internal Wave Imprints on Temperature Fluctuations as Revealed by Rapid‐Sampling Deep Profiling Floats

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