Deep Placement of Nitrogen Fertilizer Affects Grain Yield, Nitrogen Recovery Efficiency, and Root Characteristics in Direct-Seeded Rice in South China

Chen, Yunyan; Ping, Fan; Mo, Zhaowen; Kong, Leilei; Tian, Hua; Duan, Meiyang; Li, Lin; Wu, Lianghuan; Wang, Zaimang; Tang, Xiangru; Pan, Shenggang

doi:10.1007/s00344-020-10107-2

Cited by 52 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These can be explained by better NUE in DPNF compared to CANF. Numerous earlier reports have indicated that DPNF results in better allometric traits than CANF [ 25 , 28 , 34 , 44 ]. Better allometric traits under DPNF could be attributed to better N uptake and vegetative growth, which enabled the plants to partition more assimilates than CANF and control treatments of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low NUE results in poor economic returns; therefore, must be improved. The NUE and rice yield could be improved with reasonable N management practices [ 24 , 25 ]. Several farm management practices, including modern fertilizer application methods [ 26 ] and selection of N-efficient genotypes could improve NUE [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, better fertilizer use could minimize the negative environmental impacts and increase farmer profits by many folds. Deep placement (DP) of N-fertilizers could be used in rice crop for multiple benefits, i.e., good crop stand, higher number of tillers, balanced fertilizer use and improved benefit-cost ratio [ 25 , 29 ]. Numerous studies have reported that DP of N-fertilizers (DPNF) improved yield, NUE and economic returns in rice compared to conventional broadcasting method [ 30 – 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic returns of transplanted fine rice

et al. 2021

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) feeds to two-third of the global population by serving as staple food. It is the main export commodity of several countries; thus, contributes towards foreign exchange earnings. Unfortunately, average global rice yield is far below than its genetic potential. Low nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) is among the major reasons for low average yield. Current study evaluated the impact of nitrogen fertilizer application methods (conventional and deep placement) on growth, yield-related traits, chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, agronomic N-use efficiency (ANUE), partial factors productivity of applied N (PFP) and economic returns of two different transplanted rice varieties (Basmati-515 and Super-Basmati). Fertilizer application methods significantly affected allometry, yield-related traits, chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, ANUE, PFP and economic returns. Deep placement of N-fertilizer (DPNF) observed better allometric traits, high chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, ANUE, PFP, yield attributes and economic returns compared to conventional application of N-fertilizer (CANF). Similarly, Basmati-515 had better allometric and yield-related traits, chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, ANUE, PFP and economic returns than Super-Basmati. Regarding interactions among N-fertilizer application methods and rice varieties, Basmati-515 with DPNF resulted in higher chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, ANUE, PFP, allometric and yield related traits and economic returns than CANF. The lowest values of these traits were observed for Super-Basmati with no application of N-fertilizer. Both varieties had better yield and economic returns with DPNF compared to CANF. It is concluded that DPNF improved yield, ANUE and economic returns; therefore, should be opted to improve productivity of transplanted fine rice. Nonetheless, lower nitrogen doses need to be tested for DPNF to infer whether it could lower N use in rice crop.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic returns of transplanted fine rice

et al. 2021

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“…The normal nitrogen application level in South China is 120 kg•ha −1~1 50 kg•ha −1 [27,28]. Chen [29] using conventional fragrant rice varieties TY998 and YXYZ as materials and applied 150 kg•N•ha −1 nitrogen fertilizer at different depths in South China, and the results showed that AE was between 8~25 kg•kg −1 and HI was between 39~63%. However, compared with conventional rice, giant rice has a higher biological yield and needs more fertilizer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Effects on Yield, Quality and Physiological Characteristics of Giant Rice

et al. 2020

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In China, the quantity of nitrogen fertilizer applied is large, but as a consequence of a high level of loss, its utilization rate is low. Compared to common rice, the new giant rice has interesting characteristics, namely high biological yield and good efficient use of fertilizer. However, it becomes urgent to further consider the appropriate rate of nitrogen fertilizer to be applied. The giant rice varieties Feng5 and Feng6 were set up in a pot experiment and a field experiment under five doses of nitrogen fertilizers, namely, 0 kg·ha−1 (CK), 75 kg·ha−1 (T1), 150 kg·ha−1 (T2), 225 kg·ha−1 (T3) and 300 kg·ha−1 (T4). Parameters such as leaf area index (LAI), lodging index (LI), nitrogen utilization rate, photosynthesis rate and grain yield were measured. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen dose in a certain range, LAI, plant height, the number of tillers, net photosynthetic rate (NPn), the transpiration rate (Tr), and the grain yield increased while the lodging index (LI), the nitrogen agronomic utilization rate (AE) and nitrogen partial productivity (PFPN) decreased. Additionally, with the increase of nitrogen application, the grain yield index (HI) and nitrogen contribution rate (FCRN) of rice presented a parabolic trend.

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“…It was observed that the highest net income and BCR were generated by MD, which was mainly due to the combination of high yield and low production costs. Some studies on the application of deep N fertilization to increase the yield of other crops have also been reported (Tewari et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2020). Therefore, MD treatment could not only solve the problem of labor shortage but could also improve the rice yield.…”

Section: Effects Of Deep N Fertilization On Economic Pro Tabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Productivity and Profitability of Mechanized Deep Nitrogen Fertilization in Mechanical Pot-Seedling Transplanting Rice in South China

Zhang

Tian

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The deep nitrogen (N) fertilization coupled with mechanical pot-seedling transplanting rice (DNF-MPT) is an effective alternative to traditional transplanted rice with broadcasting fertilizer, however, little is known about its effects on grain yield, nutrient accumulation, and economic profitability. In present study, a two-year field experiment was conducted in early seasons (March-July) of 2019 and 2020. All seedlings were transplanted by DNF-MPT, whereas four treatments were designed as: MD: mechanized deep placement of all fertilizers as base fertilizer; MDB: mechanized deep placement of 70% fertilizers as basal fertilizer, 30% broadcasting fertilizers at panicle initiation stage; MB: manual broadcasting of 40%, 30% and 30% fertilizers at the transplanting, tillering and panicle initiation stages, respectively; and CK: no fertilizer was applied during entire growth stages. Results: The results indicated that MD treatment substantially improved the grain yield by 33.48-36.35%, total nitrogen accumulation (TNA) by 26.38-44.15%, total phosphorus accumulation (TPA) by 28.72-30.23%, and total potassium accumulation (TKA) by 25.61-37.33%, respectively, compared with MB treatment. Deep placement of N fertilization treatments i.e., MD and MDB remarkably promoted root morphological indexes and total root dry weight. Furthermore, nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS) activities and total chlorophyll content (total Chl) of leaves were also enhanced under deep placement of N fertilizer. Overall, the MD treatment had the highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) owing to high gross returns and low input costs. Conclusions: Deep placement of N fertilizer coupled with mechanical pot-seedling transplanting rice could be better alternative to conventional rice production system with more economic benefits.

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Deep Placement of Nitrogen Fertilizer Affects Grain Yield, Nitrogen Recovery Efficiency, and Root Characteristics in Direct-Seeded Rice in South China

Cited by 52 publications

References 28 publications

Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic returns of transplanted fine rice

Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic returns of transplanted fine rice

Nitrogen Effects on Yield, Quality and Physiological Characteristics of Giant Rice

Productivity and Profitability of Mechanized Deep Nitrogen Fertilization in Mechanical Pot-Seedling Transplanting Rice in South China

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