In 2014, NASA's Deep Space Network (DSN) celebrated its 50 th year of enabling exploration of the Moon, Solar System planets, and beyond. During those 50 years, the DSN has grown along with the associated spacecraft flight systems, providing some 13 orders of magnitude communications systems improvement. It has also contributed to many of the world's most important scientific discoveries and provided substantial technological spinoffs that have become part of everyday life on Earth. Studies of the next 25 years indicate that deep space missions will need an order of magnitude increased communications performance per decade -and this is likely to continue beyond that time. As exhibited by this meeting, another major change happening right now is the emergence of a standardized international community for tracking deep space missions. The future definitely involves increased international cooperation. This paper explains the near term plans already underway for the DSN. We also consider the plans and possibilities for deep space optical communications. Finally, we will discuss opportunities for international participation in the next 50 years of deep space exploration.
NomenclatureBWG = Beam Waveguide CCSDS = Consultative Committee for Space Data System Standards DAEP = DSN Aperture Enhancement Project DC = Direct Current DSN = Deep Space Network DSOC = Deep Space Optical Communications DTN = Disruption Tolerant Networking DWDM = Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing ESA = European Space Agency ISRO = Indian Space Research Organization JAXA = Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency JPL = Jet Propulsion Laboratory LADEE = Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer LLCD = Lunar Laser Communications Demonstration MRO = Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter MRO = Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter QAM = Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QPSK = Quadrature Phase Shift Keying