Defect structure of Cl and Cu doped CdS heat treated in Cd and S2 vapor

Kukk, P. L.; Altosaar, M.

doi:10.1016/0022-4596(83)90052-x

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…I(A) and (B)]. On the other hand, the specimen which contained the calcined and crushed CdS powder with an av-a sintering aid and as a source of chlorine dopant during sintering (11,12). Figure 3 shows the microstructures of CdS films which contained 10 w/o of CdC12 before sintering and were sintered at 650~ for 30 rain with various heating rates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Properties of Sintered CdS Films

Yang

1986

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Polycrystal normalCdS films were prepared by coating normalCdS slurry on amorphous glass substrates and sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere in an attempt to produce films with properties suitable for fabricating all‐polycrystal normalCdS/normalCdTe heterojunction solar cells. The uniformity in microstructure and properties of these films has been correlated with starting particle size, volume percent of normalCdS powder in the slurry, and sintering conditions. The variations of electrical properties as a function of sintering temperature, sintering period, and the amount of sintering aid added have been correlated with the variations in carrier concentration, grain size, and microstructure. Additional effect of heating rate is also considered. By optimizing the preparation conditions, it is possible to produce transparent normalCdS films on amorphous glass substrates with an electron density in excess of 1018/cm3 and an electron mobility of 25 cm2/V‐s, The trap density of grain boundary is an order of 2×1011∼6.9×1011/cm2 for sintered normalCdS films.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Properties of Sintered CdS Films

Yang

1986

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…At higher doping levels of Na, the main Na-containing electrically active defect is a donor defect, probably Na, or Na is mainly dissolved as an electrically neutral defect like (NagyCly. )*, similar to (CucgCls)* in Cd4S:Cu: CI [7]. Slow cooling produced materials with the same n-type of conductivity.…”

Section: Influence Of Na Dopingmentioning

confidence: 88%

TECHNOLOGY OF CdTe MONOGRAIN POWDERS

Altosaar¹,

Hiie²,

Mellikov³

et al. 1996

Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Engineering

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Monograin CdTe powders were grown by recrystallisation in isothermal ampoules in the presence of CdCl, or CdCl,~NaCl liquid phases. We found that NaCl in CdCl, flux inhibits crystal growth and dopes CdTe with Na, which acts as an effective acceptor impurity in CdTe. Te in the flux enabled us to convert the n-type conductivity to p-type. The cooling rate was found to be the most important technological factor to control electrical parametres of powders. The highest values of p-conductivity (~10 €2 cm) in undoped CdTe were achieved in the CdCl,-Te flux by combined cooling: quenching from 650°C to the room temperature and additional annealing at 400°C followed by slow cooling. Nearly the same results were obtained in samples lightly doped with Na ([Na]yos =5 X 10'7 ¢m™) and Te in the flux and quenched from 750°C or slowly cooled from 510°C. The prerequisites for the high conductive n-CdTe monograin powders are the lowest possible recrystallisation temperature and the use of unmodified CdCl,.

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“…Two zone systems were used to control the nonsto ichiometry of II-VI [30,31], III-V [32,33], IV-VI [34], and many other compounds. Instead of a pure component, use can be made of heterogeneous mix tures, such as A s,l + AB s or AB s + B s,l .…”

Section: Control Over the Nonstoichiometry Of Grown Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key issues in the targeted synthesis of inorganic substances

Зломанов

2013

Inorg Mater

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Chemistry is a science concerned with conversion of substances. From the chemical point of view, a substance is an assemblage of interacting particles, which is characterized by four properties: composition, structure, type of chemical bonding, and particle size. A conversion of a substance is a change in one or several of its properties. Targeted synthesis is a way of controlling a conversion of a substance. This paper considers thermodynamic and kinetic issues in targeted synthesis that are associated with control over the composition, structure, characteristic features of chemical bonding, and particle size and, hence, with the identification of conditions for the preparation of a substance with tailored properties. The concept of pure substance is dis cussed, which is an important issue for materials research and inorganic chemistry. It is pointed out that the composition of compounds should be characterized not only by their stoichiometry and impurity concentra tion but also by the related concentrations of native defects and impurities. In connection with this, a defect classification is presented and defect formation processes and techniques for controlling the defect composi tion are analyzed. Statistical criteria for assessing the compositional homogeneity of a pure substance are con sidered.

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Defect structure of Cl and Cu doped CdS heat treated in Cd and S2 vapor

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Preparation and Properties of Sintered CdS Films

Preparation and Properties of Sintered CdS Films

TECHNOLOGY OF CdTe MONOGRAIN POWDERS

Key issues in the targeted synthesis of inorganic substances

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