Defects and moisture problems in buildings from historical city centres: a case study in Portugal

Geophysical and geochemical techniques to assess the origin of rising damp of a Roman building (Ostia Antica archaeological site)

“…Both, among others, represent one of most harmful problems of historical building in archaeological site, particularly exposed to aggressive environmental conditions. In fact, water, coming from the rain (infiltration) or by capillary rising damp is the cause of several decaying processes for porous materials [19][20][21][22]. Thus, methodologies based on the use of naturally occurring isotopes have a large spectrum of applications for hydrological problems encountered in water resources research [23].…”

Salt corrosion of brick walls

“…The most common causes of corrosion that is damage to the eaves and gutters; poorquality basement waterproofing; damage to the roof in the eaves area; drains, drain pipes; leakage of process fluids; the formation of condensation on the inner walls; structural failures related to the design of the roof; drains and gutters; straits salt solutions and heavy condensates inside the plant; groundwater penetration; crystallization in the pores of the brick walls of salts having hygroscopicity [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The selection of wall ceramic material produced based on the known methods [27].…”

Analysis of the Influence of New Usages on the State of Conservation of Historical Buildings through Microclimate Characterization

“…The most recurrent cause of appearance of pathological manifestations is the presence of water [10][11][12][13]. In a work carried out by Lourenço et al [13] in the historical centre of a city in Portugal, they found that the presence of humidity, along with inadequate conditions of exposure to natural light and ventilation, were the main causes of deterioration in the constructions that were analyzed.…”

“…In a work carried out by Lourenço et al [13] in the historical centre of a city in Portugal, they found that the presence of humidity, along with inadequate conditions of exposure to natural light and ventilation, were the main causes of deterioration in the constructions that were analyzed. They also found that the combination of such environmental effects and the lack of maintenance can be considered as the great responsible for damages in historical buildings.…”