Defense and carnivory: Dual role of bracts inPassiflora foetida

Radhamani, T.; Sudarshana, L; Krishnan, Rani M.

doi:10.1007/bf02703305

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…4B). These multicellular, stalked glands that are remarkably similar to those of taxa in Caryophyllales have been proven to produce digestive enzymes (Radhamani, Sudarshana & Krishnan, 1995), suggesting insects get trapped in the fine netting of the bracts and are digested. However, there is no mention of sterilizing the bract surface or otherwise demonstrating that production was endogenous, nor was absorption definitively demonstrated.…”

Section: Eudicotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Murderous plants: Victorian Gothic, Darwin and modern insights into vegetable carnivory

Chase

Christenhusz

Sanders

et al. 2009

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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Darwin's interest in carnivorous plants was in keeping with the Victorian fascination with Gothic horrors, and his experiments on them were many and varied, ranging from what appears to be idle curiosity (e.g. what will happen if I place a human hair on a Drosera leaf?) to detailed investigations of mechanisms. Mechanisms for capture and digestion of prey vary greatly among the six (or more) lineages of flowering plants that have well‐developed carnivory, and some are much more active than others. Passive carnivory is common in some groups, and one, Roridula (Roridulaceae) from southern Africa, is so passively carnivorous that it requires the presence of an insect intermediate to derive any benefit from prey trapped on its leaves. Other groups not generally considered to be carnivores, such as Stylidium (Stylidiaceae), some species of Potentilla (Rosaceae), Proboscidea (Martyniaceae) and Geranium (Geraniaceae), that have been demonstrated to both produce digestive enzymes on their epidermal surfaces and be capable of absorbing the products, are putatively just as ‘carnivorous’ as Roridula. There is no clear way to discriminate between cases of passive and active carnivory and between non‐carnivorous and carnivorous plants – all intermediates exist. Here, we document the various angiosperm clades in which carnivory has evolved and the degree to which these plants have become ‘complete carnivores’. We also discuss the problems with definition of the terms used to describe carnivorous plants. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 161, 329–356.

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Section: Eudicotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Murderous plants: Victorian Gothic, Darwin and modern insights into vegetable carnivory

Chase

Christenhusz

Sanders

et al. 2009

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…The relationship of the above activities to a storage function is unclear. Notably, however, some of these protein activities have been shown to contribute to plant defense against herbivore insects and plant diseases (Peumans and Van Damme, 1995;Radhamani et al, 1995;Yeh et al, 1997;Yunes et al, 1998;Van Damme et al, 2002;Meuriot et al, 2004b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis Vegetative Storage Protein Is an Anti-Insect Acid Phosphatase

Liu

Ahn²,

Datta³

et al. 2005

Plant Physiology

153

116

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Indirect evidence previously suggested that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) vegetative storage protein (VSP) could play a role in defense against herbivorous insects. To test this hypothesis, other AtVSP-like sequences in Arabidopsis were identified through a Basic Local Alignment Search Tool search, and their transcriptional profiles were investigated. In response to methyl jasmonate application or phosphate starvation, AtVSP and AtVSP-like genes exhibited differential expression patterns, suggesting distinct roles played by each member. Arabidopsis VSP2 (AtVSP2), a gene induced by wounding, methyl jasmonate, insect feeding, and phosphate deprivation, was selected for bacterial expression and functional characterization. The recombinant protein exhibited a divalent cation-dependent phosphatase activity in the acid pH range. When incorporated into the diets of three coleopteran and dipteran insects that have acidic gut lumen, recombinant AtVSP2 significantly delayed development of the insects and increased their mortality. To further determine the biochemical basis of the anti-insect activity of the protein, the nucleophilic aspartic acid-119 residue at the conserved DXDXT signature motif was substituted by glutamic acid via site-directed mutagenesis. This single-amino acid alteration did not compromise the protein's secondary or tertiary structure, but resulted in complete loss of its acid phosphatase activity as well as its anti-insect activity. Collectively, we conclude that AtVSP2 is an anti-insect protein and that its defense function is correlated with its acid phosphatase activity.

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“…In the Andes, Antioquia has by far the highest number of species (68), followed by Valle del Cauca and Cundinamarca. Concerning rare species, Santander (northeast) occupies the first place, with 31 species, followed by Valle del Cauca and Antioquia (28), and Nariño and Tolima (27). Thus, there is little doubt that a more thorough exploration north of the Eastern Cordillera (Santander) and south of the Central Cordillera (Tolima) would discover more specimens per species and/or more species.…”

Section: Distribution Of Observations and Species Richness/diversitymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…They are medium-lived organisms depending on longer-lived trees and shrubs, which makes them responsive to both medium and long-term changes. They also show high levels of co-evolution with their herbivores, particularly Heliconius butterflies [27], and some species even exhibit elements of the carnivory syndrome [28]. They have developed mutualism with protector insects as nectar-feeding ants [29], and with a wide range of pollinators, including small and large insects, birds and bats [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of the Genus Passiflora L. Diversity in Colombia and Its Potential as an Indicator for Biodiversity Management in the Coffee Growing Zone

2010

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Analysis was made of 3,923 records of 162 wild Passiflora specimens to assess the distribution of their diversity in Colombia, identify collection gaps, and explore their potential as indicator species. Despite variable collecting density among and within biogeographic regions, the Andean region clearly presents a higher species richness, particularly in the central coffee growing zone and the departments of Antioquia, Cundinamarca and Valle del Cauca. The elevational distribution of diversity shows a small peak below 500 m, and two higher ones between 1,000–2,000 and 2,500–3,000 m. This pattern corresponds to divergent adaptive trends among infrageneric divisions. The analysis on 19 climatic variables showed that the two principal variance components, explaining 77 percent of the total, are respectively associated with temperature and precipitation, without influence of seasonality. Distribution parameters allow recognizing more than 36 narrow endemics. Prediction of species distribution showed nine areas with very high richness (predicted sympatry of 41 to 54 species) in the Andean region, three of which correspond to collection gaps. Endemics were not particularly frequent there, so a prioritization of protected areas based on species richness would not favor their conservation. The sites with high Passiflora diversity are poorly represented in the current system of protected areas. Instead, their striking correspondence with ecotopes of the coffee growing zone imposes a conservation strategy integrating agricultural and environmental management at the landscape level. Reciprocally, several traits of Passiflora species make them particularly suited as indicators for any effort of conservation or restoration in this region of importance for the country

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Defense and carnivory: Dual role of bracts inPassiflora foetida

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Murderous plants: Victorian Gothic, Darwin and modern insights into vegetable carnivory

Murderous plants: Victorian Gothic, Darwin and modern insights into vegetable carnivory

Arabidopsis Vegetative Storage Protein Is an Anti-Insect Acid Phosphatase

Distribution of the Genus Passiflora L. Diversity in Colombia and Its Potential as an Indicator for Biodiversity Management in the Coffee Growing Zone

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