Deficient Emotional Self-Regulation in Preschoolers With ADHD: Identification, Comorbidity, and Interpersonal Functioning

Melegari, Maria Grazia; Sacco, Roberto; Manzi, Barbara; Vittori, Elena; Persico, Antonio M.

doi:10.1177/1087054715622015

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…ADHD diagnosis is classified into hyperactive/impulsive or inattentive subtypes. 219 LD is characterized by difficulties learning and using specific academic skills (e.g., reading and mathematics) and is distinct from intellectual disability, which is defined by global impairments in cognitive function.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life exposure to EDCs: role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment

2016

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may increase the risk of childhood diseases by disrupting hormonally mediated processes critical for growth and development during gestation, infancy, or childhood. The fetus, infant, and child may have enhanced sensitivity to environmental stressors like EDCs due to rapid development and greater exposure to some EDCs that results from their developmentally appropriate behavior, anatomy, and physiology. This review summarizes epidemiological studies examining the relations of early-life exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, triclosan, and perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) with childhood neurobehavioral disorders and obesity. The available epidemiological evidence suggests that prenatal exposure to several of these ubiquitous EDCs is associated with adverse neurobehavior (BPA and phthalates) and excess adiposity or increased risk of obesity/overweight (PFAS). Quantifying the effects of EDC mixtures, improving EDC exposure assessment, reducing bias from confounding, identifying periods of heightened vulnerability, and elucidating the presence and nature of sexually dimorphic EDC effects would result in stronger inferences from epidemiological studies. Ultimately, better estimates of the causal effects of EDC exposures on child health could help identify susceptible sub-populations and lead to public health interventions to reduce these exposures.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life exposure to EDCs: role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment

2016

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“…In studies of clinically referred preschool children a high CBCL-DP score was associated with poor general level of functioning as well as poor adaptive functioning [26][27][28]. Also a high CBCL-DP score at ages 2 to 3 years has been found in preterm infants from families of low socio-economic status and of mothers with bipolar disorder [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of dysregulation in preschool age

Asmussen

Skovgaard

Bilenberg

2021

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Background: Dysregulation of emotions, behaviour and attention are involved in several areas of childhood psychopathology, but knowledge about early developmental trajectories remains scarce. This study aims to explore continuity and associations of dysregulation in preschool age.Methods: Dysregulation was measured at age 2½ years and again at 5 years in a community-based birth cohort of 1,099 children using the Child Behavior Checklist, preschool version (CBCL1½-5), answered by mothers. Based on the CBCL-DP/1½-5-Dysregulation Profile (CBCL-DP) score, we defined four trajectory groups, using the 75 th percentile from the Danish norm material as cut-off. Associations between the four CBCL-DP trajectory groups and potential covariates, including child, parental and family factors, were analysed using univariate and multiple multinomial logistic regression.Results: Nearly half (54%) of the children showed persistent low scores of CBCL-DP, 17% displayed continuing dysregulation problems, 13 % had problems that increased from 2½ years to 5 years, whereas 16 % of the children showed reduced problems across preschool age. Persistent dysregulation was associated with maternal postpartum depressive symptoms RRR = 2.20 (95% CI 1.29-3.75), low maternal educational level RRR = 1.69 (95% CI 1.08-2.66), and mothers' smoking during pregnancy RRR = 2.87 (95% CI 1.09-7.55).Conclusion: Persistent problems of emotional, behavioural and attention regulation in children aged 2½ years to 5 years is influenced by maternal educational level and post-partum depression symptoms. The study draws clinical attention to early symptoms of dysregulation and to the importance of addressing the specific needs of mentally vulnerable parents in intervention planning.

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“…In addition, it has been shown similitudes in psychopathology between preschoolers and older children and adolescents with a high concordance between parental report at early age and the following direct evaluations of the same participants at an older age (42). The use of the same clinical CBCL thresholds in both school children and preschoolers is under discussion, since the applying of lower threshold scores in preschoolers has proved useful (43). In fact, a tendency of parents to underestimate affective and atypical reactions in preschoolers as compared to older children emerges, in particular for depressed symptoms (44) and disruptive behaviors (45).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Perspectives on Psychiatric Comorbidity in Preschoolers With Autism Spectrum Disorders Receiving Publicly Funded Mental Health Services

et al. 2019

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An increased prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity (PC) in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is consistently reported. While several studies have examined PC in school-aged children, adolescents and adults with ASD, investigations on PC in preschoolers are less common. In this study, we explore the prevalence and the type of PC in a sample of 989 preschoolers with ASD through the DSM-Oriented Scales (DOS) of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1½-5) and their possible links with the core features of ASD and cognitive functioning. Results indicated that 37.8% of the sample had at least one PC in addition to ASD; these subjects displayed significantly higher Total score (p = 0.02) and Social Affect score (p = 0.003) on the ADOS-based calibrated severity scores (CSS), as well as lower (p ≤ 0.0001) performance IQ (pIQ) compared to ASD individuals without PC. As far as the specific DOS, Affective Problems (AP) were detected in 23.4% of the whole sample, ADHD Problems (ADHD) in 17.3%, Anxiety Problems (AXP) in 16.7%, and Oppositional Problems (OP) in 7.9%. These different comorbidities were isolated in 195 subjects (Mono-comorbid group: 19.7% of the whole sample), while 179 subjects (18.1% of the whole sample) had two or more types of PC (Multi-comorbid group). One-way ANOVA revealed that subjects with multi-comorbidity have statistically significant lower pIQ and higher Total score and Social Affect score on CSS-ADOS. Specific differences for each type of comorbidity and gender differences were also discussed. Taken together, results indicate a considerable presence of PC in preschoolers with ASD that should be accurately considered during the assessment and diagnosis process in order to plan a tailored intervention based not only on core symptoms of ASD, but also on comorbid psychiatric condition since preschool age.

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Deficient Emotional Self-Regulation in Preschoolers With ADHD: Identification, Comorbidity, and Interpersonal Functioning

Abstract: Among ADHD preschoolers, DESR (a) requires lower CBCL and TRF threshold scores for detection, compared with school-age children, (b) displays similar incidence rates, and (c) is associated with enhanced psychiatric comorbidity and interpersonal difficulties.

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Early-life exposure to EDCs: role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment

Early-life exposure to EDCs: role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment

Trajectories of dysregulation in preschool age

Parental Perspectives on Psychiatric Comorbidity in Preschoolers With Autism Spectrum Disorders Receiving Publicly Funded Mental Health Services

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