Deficient functional recovery after facial nerve crush in rats is associated with restricted rearrangements of synaptic terminals in the facial nucleus

Hundeshagen, Gregor; Szameit, K.; Thieme, H.; Finkensieper, Mira; Angelov, Doychin N.; Guntinas‐Lichius, Orlando; Irintchev, Andrey

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.06.019

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 80 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…They can also result from iatrogenic causes and postoperative chronic injuries that lead to fractures and lacerations of the face, resulting in facial nerve injuries that compromise the tone and dynamics of facial expression [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The new heterologous fibrin sealant in combination with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the repair of the buccal branch of the facial nerve

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the repair of the buccal branch of the facial nerve with two surgical techniques: end-to-end epineural suture and coaptation with heterologous fibrin sealant. Forty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group (CG) in which the buccal branch of the facial nerve was collected without injury; (2) experimental group with suture (EGS) and experimental group with fibrin (EGF): The buccal branch of the facial nerve was transected on both sides of the face. End-to-end suture was performed on the right side and fibrin sealant on the left side; (3) Experimental group with suture and laser (EGSL) and experimental group with fibrin and laser (EGFL). All animals underwent the same surgical procedures in the EGS and EGF groups, in combination with the application of LLLT (wavelength of 830 nm, 30 mW optical power output of potency, and energy density of 6 J/cm(2)). The animals of the five groups were euthanized at 5 weeks post-surgery and 10 weeks post-surgery. Axonal sprouting was observed in the distal stump of the facial nerve in all experimental groups. The observed morphology was similar to the fibers of the control group, with a predominance of myelinated fibers. In the final period of the experiment, the EGSL presented the closest results to the CG, in all variables measured, except in the axon area. Both surgical techniques analyzed were effective in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries, where the use of fibrin sealant allowed the manipulation of the nerve stumps without trauma. LLLT exhibited satisfactory results on facial nerve regeneration, being therefore a useful technique to stimulate axonal regeneration process.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The new heterologous fibrin sealant in combination with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the repair of the buccal branch of the facial nerve

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The right levator labii superioris (LLS) muscles of the perfused animals were removed, postfixed overnight at 4°C, and cryoprotected by infiltration with 15% sucrose in cacodylate buffer for 2 days at 4°C. Longitudinal 25 μm‐thick cryostat sections were stained for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholine receptors (Hundeshagen et al, ). The sections were incubated for 30 min at 60°C in 10 mM sodium citrate solution, pH 9.0, followed by PBS (pH 7.3) containing 0.2% Triton X‐100 (Sigma, Taufkirchen, Germany), 0.02% sodium azide (Sigma), and 5% normal goat serum (Jackson ImmunoResearch Europe, Suffolk, UK) for 1 hour at room temperature (RT).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described previously (Hundeshagen et al, ), endplate reinnervation was evaluated directly under the microscope (40x objective) by counting the number of axonal branches (identified by ChAT staining) that cross (enter or leave) the boundaries of individual endplates (identified by acetylcholine receptor staining with alpha‐bungarotoxin) (Guntinas‐Lichius et al, ). The endplates were identified as monoinnervated (with one axon entering the endplate), “polyinnervated” (with two or more preterminal axons), or “denervated” (no visible axonal staining associated with the receptor labeling).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Electrical Stimulation Improves Functional Recovery After Femoral But Not After Facial Nerve Injury in Rats

Raslan

Salem

Alhussaini

et al. 2019

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brief low-frequency electrical stimulation (ES, 1 h, 20 Hz) of the proximal nerve stump has emerged as a potential adjunct treatment for nerve injury. Despite available experimental and clinical data, the potentials and limitations of the ES therapy still have to be defined using different animal models, types of nerves, and clinical settings. Here, we show that brief ES of the proximal stump of the transected rat femoral nerve causes, as estimated by motion analysis, enhanced functional recovery reaching preoperative levels within 5 months of injury, in contrast to the incomplete restoration in sham-stimulated (SS) animals. The functional advantage seen in ES rats was associated with higher numbers, as compared with SS, of correctly targeted quadriceps motoneurons. In contrast, ES prior to facial nerve suture did not lead to improvement of whisking compared with SS. Lack of functional effects of the treatment was correlated with lack of changes, as compared with SS, in the precision of muscle reinnervation and frequency of abnormally innervated muscle fibers. These results show that ES is an effective therapy in a spinal nerve injury model leading to complete restoration of function. Although this finding and the safety of the procedure are encouraging, the results for the facial nerve model suggest that brief ES may not be a universal treatment for nerve injuries. Anat Rec, 302:1304Rec, 302: -1313Rec, 302: , 2019

show abstract

“…In addition, estimates of number of chemically defined glutamatergic and cholinergic synaptic terminals in the lesioned facial nucleus showed a significant reduction. Correlation analyses revealed significant covariations of whisking amplitude with number of glutamatergic and cholinergic synapses and suggest that deficits in the glutamatergic and cholinergic input could attenuate the motor output and, thus, negatively impact the functional performance after facial nerve regeneration (Aslan et al, ; Hundeshagen et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Studies on Facial Nerve Regeneration

Rink

Bendella²,

Akkın

et al. 2019

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Insufficient recovery after injury of a peripheral motor nerve is due to (1) inappropriate pathfinding as a result of axonal regrowth to inappropriate targets, (2) excessive collateral axonal branching at the lesion site, and (3) polyinnervation of the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). The rat facial nerve model is often used because of its simple and reliable readout to measure recovery of function (vibrissal whisking). Over the last decades scientists have concentrated their efforts to combat mostly NMJ polyinnervation, because it turned out to be very difficult to reduce collateral axonal branching and impossible to navigate thousands of axons toward the original fascicles. In the past, several groups of scientists concentrated their efforts to reduce the activity-dependent polyinnervation of NMJs by electrical stimulation of the muscles (square 0.1 msec pulses at 5 Hz). The results showed no recovery of functions and a severe reduction in the number of innervated NMJs to approximately one fifth of those observed in intact animals. More recent experiments, however, have shown that motor recovery improved significantly following mechanical stimulation of the denervated facial muscles (vibrissal and orbicularis oculi) and that restored functions could invariably be linked to reduced polyinnervation at the NMJ while the number of innervated NMJ remained the same. These results suggest that clinically feasible and effective therapies could be developed and tested in the near future.

show abstract

Deficient functional recovery after facial nerve crush in rats is associated with restricted rearrangements of synaptic terminals in the facial nucleus

Cited by 23 publications

References 80 publications

The new heterologous fibrin sealant in combination with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the repair of the buccal branch of the facial nerve

The new heterologous fibrin sealant in combination with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the repair of the buccal branch of the facial nerve

Brief Electrical Stimulation Improves Functional Recovery After Femoral But Not After Facial Nerve Injury in Rats

Experimental Studies on Facial Nerve Regeneration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About