Defining delayed resumption of ovarian activity postpartum and its impact on subsequent reproductive performance in Holstein cows

Gautam, Gokarna; Nakao, Toshihiko; Yamada, Kyoji; Yoshida, Chikako

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.08.011

Cited by 41 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The impact of negative energy balance on reproductive performance in dairy cows is well established (Beam and Butler, 1998). In agreement with the present study, stage of lactation has previously been shown to be associated with resumption of the ovarian cyclicity in both dairy (Rhodes et al, 2003;Gautam et al, 2010) and beef cows (Murphy et al, 1990) as well as the occurrence of cystic structures in dairy cows (Gröhn et al, 1994) and the uterine health of cows (Sheldon et al, 2008). As lactation progresses, energy balance improves (Berry et al, 2006), leading to more energy available for reproductive function and other bodily functions.…”

Section: Paritysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The normal period of anoestrus postpartum can be between 25 and 50 days in dairy cows (Opsomer et al, 2000) and up to 60 days in beef cows (Yavas and Walton, 2000). Corroborating results from the present study, Gautam et al (2010) using data from 215 Holstein cows from four herds documented that <65% of cows had resumed cycling before 35 days postpartum.…”

Section: Paritysupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Previous studies have documented parity to be associated with the resumption of cycling in both dairy (Rhodes et al, 2003;Santos et al, 2009;Gautam et al, 2010) and beef (Stevenson et al, 1997) cows. The postpartum interval to return to normal ovarian cyclicity was longer in primiparous cows compared with multiparous cows (Santos et al, 2009).…”

Section: Paritymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors associated with detailed reproductive phenotypes in dairy and beef cows

Carthy

Berry

Fitzgerald

et al. 2014

Animal

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The objective of this study was to identify detailed fertility traits in dairy and beef cattle from transrectal ultrasonography records and quantify the associated risk factors. Data were available on 148 947 ultrasound observations of the reproductive tract from 75 949 cows in 843 Irish dairy and beef herds between March 2008 and October 2012. Traits generated included (1) cycling at time of examination, (2) cystic structures, (3) early ovulation, (4) embryo death and (5) uterine score; the latter was measured on a scale of 1 (good) to 4 (poor) characterising the tone of the uterine wall and fluid present in the uterus. After editing, 72 773 records from 44 415 dairy and beef cows in 643 herds remained. Factors associated with the logit of the probability of a positive outcome for each of the binary fertility traits were determined using generalised estimating equations; linear mixed model analysis was used for the analysis of uterine score. The prevalence of cycling, cystic structures, early ovulation and embryo death was 84.75%, 3.87%, 7.47% and 3.84%, respectively. The occurrence of the uterine heath score of 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 70.63%, 19.75%, 8.36% and 1.26%, respectively. Cows in beef herds had a 0.51 odds (95% CI = 0.41 to 0.63, P < 0.001) of cycling at the time of examination compared with cows in dairy herds; stage of lactation at the time of examination was the same in both herd types. Furthermore, cows in dairy herds had an inferior uterine score (indicating poorer tone and a greater quantity of uterine fluid present) compared with cows in beef herds. The likelihood of cycling at the time of examination increased with parity and stage of lactation, but was reduced in cows that had experienced dystocia in the previous calving. The presence of cystic structures on the ovaries increased with parity and stage of lactation. The likelihood of embryo/foetal death increased with parity and stage of lactation. Dystocia was not associated with the presence of cystic structures or embryo death. Uterine score improved with parity and stage of lactation, while cows that experienced dystocia in the previous calving had an inferior uterine score. Heterosis was the only factor associated with increased likelihood of early ovulation. The fertility traits identified, and the associated risk factors, provide useful information on the reproductive status of dairy and beef cows.

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Section: Paritysupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Paritysupporting

confidence: 78%

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Risk factors associated with detailed reproductive phenotypes in dairy and beef cows

Carthy

Berry

Fitzgerald

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…Later, Huszenicza et al (2006) showed that there is a serious delay in the time of the first ovulation and the first visible estrus in cows with low levels of thyroid hormones. Previous studies using milk or serum progesterone (P 4 ) profiles have shown that NEB is associated with a greater incidence of irregular patterns of luteal activity (Mirzaei et al, 2007;Gautam et al, 2010;Kafi and Mirzaei, 2010). These irregularities consisted of delayed first ovulation (DOV), anovulation (AOV), prolonged luteal phase (PLP) and short luteal phase (SLP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Kafi

Tamadon

Saeb

et al. 2012

Animal

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This study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. A total of 75 multiparous healthy (free of detectable reproductive disorders) Holstein dairy cows (mean peak milk yield 5 56.5 6 7.0 kg/day) were used in this study. Transrectal ultrasound scanning and blood sample collection were performed twice weekly. Serum concentrations of progesterone (P 4 ) were measured twice weekly and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids, thyroxine (T 4 ), 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine (T 3 ), free thyroxine (fT 4 ) and free 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine (fT 3 ) were measured every 2 weeks from the 1st to the 8th week postpartum. On the basis of the serum P 4 profile of the cows, 25 (33.4%) had normal luteal activity (NLA), whereas 30 (40%), 10 (13.3%), 6 (8%) and 4 (5.3%) had prolonged luteal phase (PLP), delayed first ovulation (DOV), anovulation (AOV) and short luteal phase, respectively. Serum T 4 concentrations in PLP cows were higher than that in NLA cows at the 3rd week postpartum and did not change during the period of study, whereas in the NLA cows the concentrations increased (P , 0.05). Further, the least square (LS) mean of serum fT 4 concentrations in the DOV and AOV cows were significantly lower than in the NLA cows during the study period (P , 0.05). In addition, the AOV cows had higher LS mean serum BHBA and T 4 concentrations than the NLA cows in early weeks postpartum (P , 0.05). In conclusion, the serum thyroid hormones' profile differs in high-producing dairy cows showing PLP, AOV and DOV in comparison with the postpartum NLA cows.Keywords: thyroid hormone, energy metabolite, luteal activity, high-producing dairy cow ImplicationsThis study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. The serum thyroid hormones' profile differs in high-producing dairy cows showing prolonged luteal phase, anovulation and delayed first ovulation in comparison with the cows with normal postpartum luteal activity. IntroductionHigh-yielding dairy cows have been selected to produce more milk, in large part through their ability to mobilize fat and muscle to support milk production in early lactation. This results in a loss of body condition score (BCS) and is associated with alterations in blood metabolites and hormone profiles, which in turn influence fertility (Pryce et al., 2001;Wathes et al., 2007). The nutritional status of cattle is communicated within the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis via metabolic hormones or blood metabolites or both (Butler, 2000). Previous studies have focused on the association between negative energy balance (NEB) postpartum and delayed onset of ovarian cyclicity, and hence poor fertility (Lucy, 2003;Patton et al., 2007;Wathes et al., 2007)....

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“…El ideal establecido para el intervalo parto-parto es de 12 a 13 meses y para que este supuesto se cumpla, la vaca debe quedar preñada en los tres meses siguientes al parto, es decir que la reanudación de la actividad ovárica debe darse lo más pronto posible después del parto 20 . La síntesis y secreción de hormonas, la ovulación de un folículo y el sostenimiento de un embrión en desarrollo presentan costos energéticos mínimos en comparación con los costos de la lactancia, sin embargo, las señales endocrinas y metabólicas involucradas en el balance energético negativo afectan la reanudación de los ciclos ovulatorios, la calidad de los ovocitos y del embrión, así como el establecimiento y mantenimiento de la preñez, disminuyendo la eficiencia reproductiva en los hatos lecheros 30 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Impacto del balance energético negativo en vacas lecheras tratadas con somatotropina recombinante bovina

Ninabanda

2018

Rev. vet.

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Impacto del balance energético negativo en vacas lecheras tratadas con somatotropina recombinante bovinaNinabanda, J.J.Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH). Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias, Panamericana Sur km 1 ½, Riobamba, Ecuador. E-mail: nina_ jaky@hotmail.com Resumen Ninabanda, J.J.: Impacto del balance energético negativo en vacas lecheras tratadas con somatotropina recombinante bovina. Rev. vet. 29: 1, 68-72, 2018. El objetivo de la presente revisión bibliográfica fue analizar el efecto de la somatotropina recombinante bovina sobre el desempeño productivo y reproductivo de vacas lecheras en período de post-parto, así como el impacto del balance energético negativo sobre los indicadores energético-proteicos y la capacidad gluconeogénica. Para ello fue necesario reunir datos sobre la alteración de la fertilidad y el retraso de la reactivación ovárica, dado que la primera ovulación ocurre alrededor de las dos semanas posteriores. Para la recopilación de información se implementó una investigación metodológica que incluyó: criterios de búsqueda (balance energético negativo y celo post-parto), criterios de inclusión (anestro, desarrollo folicular y hormona somatotropina recombinante bovina) y finalmente criterios de exclusión (peso y condición corporal). Muchos de los autores sugieren valorar las implicaciones de la hormona en animales que se encuentren en las primeras semanas de lactancia, así como su efecto sobre el metabolismo corporal y la composición de la leche, que impactan en el valor nutritivo y las condiciones para la industrialización del producto.Palabras clave: vacas lecheras, balance energético-proteico, período de transición, somatotropina.Abstract Ninabanda, J.J.: Impact of negative energy balance in dairy cows treated with recombinant bovine somatotropin. Rev. vet. 29: 1, 68-72, 2018. The objective of the present review was to analyze the productive and reproductive performance of the bovine recombinant somatotropin effect in dairy cows in post-partum period, as well as the impact that occurs with the negative energy balance, on the energetic-protein indicators and gluconeogenic capacity. For which it was necessary to compile the results of the schemes in terms of: alteration of fertility and delaying the ovarian reactivation which results in a first ovulation around the 2 weeks after this point. For the summary of information a methodological investigation was implemented that included: search approaches (negative energy balance and post-partum heat), inclusion approaches (anestrus, follicular development, and bovine recombinant somatotropin) and finally exclusion approaches (live weigh and corporal condition). Many of the authors suggest to value the implications of the hormone in animals that are in the first weeks of nursing, as well as their effect on the corporal metabolism and the milk composition, that impact under the nutritious value and the conditions for the industrialization of the product.

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Defining delayed resumption of ovarian activity postpartum and its impact on subsequent reproductive performance in Holstein cows

Cited by 41 publications

References 31 publications

Risk factors associated with detailed reproductive phenotypes in dairy and beef cows

Risk factors associated with detailed reproductive phenotypes in dairy and beef cows

Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Impacto del balance energético negativo en vacas lecheras tratadas con somatotropina recombinante bovina

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