2012
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-20
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Defining the "core microbiome" of the microbial communities in the tonsils of healthy pigs

Abstract: BackgroundPorcine tonsils are the colonization site for many pathogenic as well as commensal microorganisms and are the primary lymphoid tissue encountered by organisms entering through the mouth or nares. The goal of this study was to provide an in-depth characterization of the composition and structure of the tonsillar microbial communities and to define the core microbiome in the tonsils of healthy pigs, using high throughput bar-coded 454-FLX pyrosequencing.ResultsWhole tonsils were collected at necropsy f… Show more

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Cited by 69 publications
(105 citation statements)
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“…The number of bacterial OTUs in the nasopharynx of each steer was variable and ranged from 20 to 210. A study on the human nostril and oropharynx microbiota showed comparable variation, identifying 125-788 OTUs among patients (Lemon et al, 2010) and the same variation has also been observed in bacteria from the tonsils of pigs with 57-730 OTUs identified (Lowe et al, 2012). Thus, while the upper respiratory tract is a rich source of bacteria, there is significant variability among individual animals.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 56%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The number of bacterial OTUs in the nasopharynx of each steer was variable and ranged from 20 to 210. A study on the human nostril and oropharynx microbiota showed comparable variation, identifying 125-788 OTUs among patients (Lemon et al, 2010) and the same variation has also been observed in bacteria from the tonsils of pigs with 57-730 OTUs identified (Lowe et al, 2012). Thus, while the upper respiratory tract is a rich source of bacteria, there is significant variability among individual animals.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 56%
“…This is similar to studies of the nasal (Weese et al, 2014) and tonsillar (Lowe et al, 2012) microbiota of pigs and upper respiratory tract of humans (Huse et al, 2012;Lemon et al, 2010). The number of bacterial OTUs in the nasopharynx of each steer was variable and ranged from 20 to 210.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 52%
“…Although Escherichia is the first gut colonizer in different species [13, 14], Fusobacterium and Actinobacillus do not belong among commonly reported genera of the gut microbiome in warm blooded vertebrates. On the other hand, Actinobacillus and Fusobacterium colonize the palatine tonsils in pigs [15, 16] and their presence in the feces of young piglets might be therefore a consequence of their presence in the palatine tonsils, with limited multiplication along the poorly populated intestinal tract followed by fecal shedding. This is consistent with a report on Actinobacillus’ low abundance in pig fecal microbiota [17].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This core community is smaller than found in the rumen of the cow [65] but unlike most other core communities that have been identified from other environments is not dominated by any particular OTUs. In the oral microbiota of both the dog and human a small core is seen but with several highly abundant OTUs [66,67] and in the porcine tonsils a larger core was observed but again with a few highly dominant OTUs [68]. These other environments are notably less susceptible to disturbance than the gut of the horse and as such the fact they appear to have ‘key’ members of their core which are highly prevalent (compared to the horse hindgut where the core is made up of many low abundance OTUs) may suggest an explanation as to why the equine hind gut is so vulnerable to change when challenged leading to an alteration in fermentation patterns and consequent metabolic disorders.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%