Definition of indicators for decision-making to contribute to sustainable development through Cleaner Production and Resource Efficiency by using the AHP method

Abstract

Rapid growth within the industry sector creates an array of novel issues that have to be dealt with. Major problems as a consequence of continuous and quick development of industry are as follows: the need for high energy consumption (be it electric or thermal), the increase in the level of environmental pollution, and the treatment of waste. Countries in transition, characterized by “an industry in the making”, need to seriously consider the above-mentioned issues. The industry should be subject to professional analysis (the application of resource efficiency and cleaner production) in order to achieve an adequate use of resources. Furthermore, as a result of increased resource efficiency, the industry sector and enterprises will benefit. Greater effectiveness will undoubtedly encourage the use of cleaner production and the launch of the Resource Efficiency and Cleaner Production (RECP) application in the developing countries (such as the Kosovo case). This research focused on the promotion of sustainable development based on RECP in Kosovo. Based on RECP, analysis has been conducted with the help of the method of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making – Analytic Hierarchy Process for all levels of decision-making. The process is based on four main pillars of sustainable development: environmental, technical, economic, and social. Through RECP, there have been identified specific areas in need of improvement in order to achieve the level within the allowed norms of rational energy consumption, minimize environmental pollution and waste, and maximize the profits of the industry sector (enterprises), which, in turn, can lead to the creation of more jobs.

The Importance of SD Goals Indicators 7, 8, 9 and 12 in the Industry Development by Using Multi Criteria and Decision Making Method

“…[10] The procedure follows numerous steps, including: assigning a relative assessment in pairs with attributes of a hierarchical level, for given attributes of the first and higher hierarchical level, and then repeating the process for all levels of the hierarchy. [1] Naturally, the application of the theoretical basis is required, which is given in Tab. 2.…”

“…They contributed through the interviews they provided based on Saaty's rules. The university professors' opinions are crucial for our analysis, as universities are the main actors in teaching, research, and support for the implementation of clean production activities [1]. Since we are dealing with theoretical analysis, we have focused mainly on getting the opinion of university professors.…”

“…This, in fact, is the focus of this paper -to figure the relevance of each factor based on scientific methods of decision-making and on expert opinion (based on interviews with twenty experts). Most countries in the Western Balkans region face similar issues and thus a thorough analysis can bring a solution that can serve and be applied to all [1].…”

“…Theoretical basis of MCDM -AHP Method[11,12,1] The characteristics of matrix A. a ij = 1; a ij = 1/a ij for i, j = 1,…, n; detA ≠ 0 1Determining the weights can be solved same as solving a matrix equation with matrix columns w solution for eigenvalues λ different from o i.e.…”

Energy foresight: Exploration of CO2 reduction policy scenario for Ecuador during 2016–2030

“…It is evident that energy planning and public policies are currently more complex because of the participation of multiple points of reference, such as: technical, social, economic and environmental [26].…”