Deformation and Cord Tension of a Bias Tire in Contact with the Road

Abstract

The deformation properties and cord tension distribution of a bias tire in contact with the road are analyzed by assuming the tire carcass under inflation pressure to be a toroidal membrane shell of elliptical cross section having a hyperbolic type of orthotropy and the tire tread to be an elastic foundation. Displacement components of a carcass are approximated by an appropriate linear combination of finite terms and are determined by the principle of minimum potential energy. Numerical results for the deformation properties and the cord tension distribution agree well with the corresponding experimental results.

Frictional contact behaviour of the tyre: the effect of tread slip on the in-plane structural deformation and stress field development

“…Both models predict an exponential dependance, while the sidewall nonlinearity results in a noticeable load reduction , ranging from 10% for 5mm to 30% for 50mm deformations. The moderately increasing contact stiffness with load, as predicted by the simulation of both sidewall cases, has been experimentally verified in numerous experimental studies [6,8,16,30,38,40] and [17](p.559-577).…”

“…In the case of a real tyre, though, the mechanical properties of its materials, the carcass design and the belt-tread interaction will define the predominant mechanism and the relative amplitude of the two zones. An experimental evidence of the transition between these zones can be found in the measurements published in [8].…”

“…It is experimentally verified in [41], the increase in vertical load does not result directly in an increase in stress magnitude, since most of the additional load is compensated for by an increase in the size of the contact area. The latter, though, has a major effect on the shape of the pressure distribution [6,8,22,41] and [17] increases, is documented in the above literature. The development of the central concave belt deformation pattern and the associated effect on the distribution are also found to increase with the load.…”

“…A significant step towards the accurate simulation of the tyre contact behaviour is the separate representation of the belt and the tread, with the latter one modelled through a discretised stiffness foundation (the so called Winkler bedding, after [7]). Such a foundation was combined with a tyre belt model consisting of an inextensible, cord-reinforced, membrane shell by Akasaka and Kabe in [8,9]. The resulting two-dimensional contact area development and pressure distribution showed good correlation with experimental work.…”

A Modal-Based Derivation of Transient Pressure Distribution Along the Tyre-Road Contact

“…If the transient nature of tyre contact behaviour is, though, neglected, analytical carcass deformation representations can predict the equilibrium pressure distribution. A membrane shell model, for example, was combined with a contact stiffness foundation in [9,10].…”