1975
DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(75)85787-0
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Deformation and fragmentation of human red blood cells in turbulent shear flow

Abstract: By means of glutaraldehyde fixation, human erythrocytes are "frozen" while suspended in turbulent shear flow. As the shearing is increased in steps from 100 to 2,500 dyn/cm2, the deformed cells evolve gradually toward a smooth ellipsoidal shape. At stresses above 2,500 dyn/cm2, approximately, fragmentation of the cells occurs with a concomitant increase in free hemoglobin content of the suspending medium. The photographic evidence suggests that the cells rupture in tension in the bulk flow.

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Cited by 194 publications
(137 citation statements)
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“…Blood trauma can occur via several mechanisms, depending on the type of damaged blood cell. In the past, the fragmentation and damaging of erythrocytes was experimentally quantified, since this leads to hemolysis (Sutera et al, 1975;Paul et al, 2003). In recent years, however, platelet activation is believed to be the major underlying formation mechanism for thromboembolic complications in the flow past mechanical heart valves (Bluestein, 2004;Morbiducci et al, 2009).…”
Section: Blood Damage and Bmhvsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Blood trauma can occur via several mechanisms, depending on the type of damaged blood cell. In the past, the fragmentation and damaging of erythrocytes was experimentally quantified, since this leads to hemolysis (Sutera et al, 1975;Paul et al, 2003). In recent years, however, platelet activation is believed to be the major underlying formation mechanism for thromboembolic complications in the flow past mechanical heart valves (Bluestein, 2004;Morbiducci et al, 2009).…”
Section: Blood Damage and Bmhvsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hemolysis can occur in three ways: by natural selection of the spleen, physico-chemical imbalance (usually pathological), or by exposing the cells to a nonphysiological mechanical stress [2].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The hemolytic aspects have been studied by several researchers in an attempt to isolate and understand the factors causing hemolysis [2][3][4][5]. Experimentally, the red blood cells can be damaged during the flow of two factors acting simultaneously: the level of shear stress and exposure time of the cell to such stress [2,6,7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Fluid mechanical forces can affect hemolysis, platelet activation and aggregation, as well as myocardial remodeling (2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). In both normal and diseased hearts, blood flows in a highly complex manner though the cardiac chambers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%