Deformation of the median nerve at different finger postures and wrist angles

Loh, Ping Yeap; Yeoh, Wen Liang; Nakashima, Hiroyuki; Muraki, Satoshi

doi:10.7717/peerj.5406

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…When there is no exerted voluntary movement, our fingers tend to curl inward and remain in a flexed position (θ 0 ) due to the muscle tone naturally presented in finger flexors (e.g., flexor digitorum profundus) being larger than that of finger extensors (e.g., extensor digitorum) (Wehbe and Hunter, 1985;Loh et al, 2018). Passive extension of the fingers (i.e.…”

Section: Joint Stiffness Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Rehabilitation Actuator With Integrated Post-stroke Finger Spasticity Evaluation

Heung

Tang

Shi

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Strokes cause severe impairment of hand function because of the spasticity in the affected upper extremities. Proper spasticity evaluation is critical to facilitate neural plasticity for rehabilitation after stroke. However, existing methods for measuring spasticity, e.g. Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), highly depends on clinicians' experiences, which are subjective and lacks quantitative details. Here, we introduce the first rehabilitation actuator that objectively reflects the condition of post-stroke finger spasticity. The actuator is 3D printed with soft materials. By considering the finger and the actuator together, the spasticity, i.e. stiffness, in finger is obtained from the pressureangle relationship. The method is validated by simulations using finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments on mannequin fingers. Furthermore, it is examined on four stroke subjects and four healthy subjects. Results show the finger stiffness increases significantly from healthy subjects to stroke subjects, particularly those with high MAS score. For patients with the same MAS score, stiffness variation can be a few times. With this soft actuator, a hand rehabilitation robot that may tell the therapeutic progress during the rehabilitation training is readily available.

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Section: Joint Stiffness Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Rehabilitation Actuator With Integrated Post-stroke Finger Spasticity Evaluation

Heung

Tang

Shi

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…The brachial plexus is a continuation of nerves from the spinal cord and are separated into roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and branches. Lesions and malformations in each different section of the brachial plexus can have severe and different consequences [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The brachial plexus is a continuation of nerves from the spinal cord that normally exits four cervical vertebrae and one thoracic vertebra. The cervical vertebra involved are C5, C6, C7, C8, and the thoracic input is from T1 [1]. The combination of nerves exits the vertebrae and form the roots that mark the beginning of the brachial plexus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of nerves exits the vertebrae and form the roots that mark the beginning of the brachial plexus. The brachial plexus innervates the muscles of the chest, muscles neighbouring the scapula, and the entire upper limb [1]. They also provide sensory and cutaneous innervation to their respective parts of the body depending on where the nerve separates and its route throughout the upper limb [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The brachial plexus innervates the muscles of the chest, muscles neighbouring the scapula, and the entire upper limb [1]. They also provide sensory and cutaneous innervation to their respective parts of the body depending on where the nerve separates and its route throughout the upper limb [1]. Medically, it is of utmost importance to know the location of nerves, junctions, separations, and affiliations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Unusual Splitting of Medial Cord of the Right Brachial Plexus and Its Relation to the Axillary Artery and Subscapular Artery: A Case Report

Fakoya¹,

Aguinaldo²,

Velasco-Nieves³

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Variations in human anatomy have been associated with numerous clinical correlations that may affect patient care. In this article, we present a unique variation of the medial cord of the brachial plexus about the axillary artery and subscapular artery. The precise assessment of this unique morphology was performed during a cadaveric dissection. CASE PRESENTATION: Contrary to the general course of the medial cord of the brachial plexus, this report demonstrates a rare splitting of the medial cord around the axillary artery and a second abnormal communication between the posterior and medial cords that show a “nutcracker-like” syndrome involving the subscapular artery. CONCLUSION: Such variations could make surgeries challenging. We also infer that these anatomical variations could make gliding therapy inefficient in any motor dysfunction initiating from the brachial plexus.

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Time‐varying changes in median nerve deformation and position in response to quantified pinch and grip forces

Racine,

Holmes,

Kociolek

2023

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The ability of the median nerve (MN) to adapt in response to altered carpal tunnel conditions is important to mitigate compressive stress on the nerve. We assessed changes in MN deformation and position throughout the entire time course of hand force exertions. Fourteen right‐handed participants ramped up force from 0% to 50% of maximal voluntary force (MVF) before ramping force back down in three different hand force exertion tasks (pulp pinch, chuck pinch, power grip). Pinch and grip forces were measured with a digital dynamometer, which were time synchronized with transverse carpal tunnel images obtained via ultrasound. Ultrasound images were extracted in 10% increments between 0% and 50% MVF while ramping force up (loading phase) and down (unloading phase). MN deformation and position relative to the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon of the long finger were assessed in concert. During loading, the nerve became more circular while displacing dorsally and ulnarly. These changes primarily occurred at the beginning of the hand force exertions while ramping force up from 0% to 20%, with very little change between 20% and 50% MVF. Interestingly, deformation and position changes during loading were not completely reversed during unloading while ramping force down. These findings indicate an initial reorganization of carpal tunnel structures. Mirrored changes in nerve deformation and position may also reflect strain‐related characteristics of adjoining subsynovial connective tissue. Regardless, time‐varying changes in nerve deformation and position appear to be an important accommodative mechanism in the healthy carpal tunnel in response to gripping and pinching tasks.

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Deformation of the median nerve at different finger postures and wrist angles

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Soft Rehabilitation Actuator With Integrated Post-stroke Finger Spasticity Evaluation

Soft Rehabilitation Actuator With Integrated Post-stroke Finger Spasticity Evaluation

Unusual Splitting of Medial Cord of the Right Brachial Plexus and Its Relation to the Axillary Artery and Subscapular Artery: A Case Report

Time‐varying changes in median nerve deformation and position in response to quantified pinch and grip forces

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