Degradation Analysis of an SOFC Short Stack Subject to 10,000 h of Operation

Fang, Qingping; Haart, Ute de; Schäfer, Dominik; Thaler, Florian; Rangel-Hernández, V.H.; Peters, Roland; Blum, Ludger

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/abc843

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This degradation rate is slightly higher compared to published literature results, which are below 1%/kh. 48,49 During steady-state SOFC operation the OCV of the RUs remained almost stable (−9.6 mV kh −1 or −0.77%/kh). Hence, sufficient gas tightness of the stack is proven.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of Electrochemical Degradation Phenomena of SOC Stacks Operated in Reversible SOFC/SOEC Cycling Mode

Lang,

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In recent years the degradation rates of high temperature stacks with solid oxide cells (SOC) during steady-state long-term operation in fuel cell (SOFC) and electrolysis (SOEC) mode have been steadily decreased. In contrast, the quantification and understanding of degradation mechanisms of SOC stacks during reversible SOFC/SOEC cycling operation still remains a challenging issue. Therefore, the present paper focusses on the detailed analysis and discussion of degradation phenomena of two SOC stacks during galvanostatic steady-state SOFC and reversible SOFC/SOEC cycling operation. The stacks with fuel electrode supported cells of Elcogen (Estonia) were fabricated by the industrial project partner E&KOA (Daejeon, Korea) within the Korean-German project “Solid Oxide Reversible Fuel Cell/Electrolysis Stack” (SORFES). The first 10-cell stack was tested at DLR during 1400 h and the results were used to improve the second 6-cell stack, which was operated at E&KOA during 2800 h. For electrochemical characterization jV-curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were measured. The results between galvanostatic steady-state SOFC operation and reversible SOFC/SOEC cycling are compared. The degradation of the open circuit voltages, the performances and the resistances of the individual repeat units are presented and discussed. Moreover, possible degradation mechanisms are outlined.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of Electrochemical Degradation Phenomena of SOC Stacks Operated in Reversible SOFC/SOEC Cycling Mode

Lang,

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…The calculated degradation rate of the fuel cell is only ≈0.78% kh −1 , a value significantly lower than those reported in the literature (Table S3, Supporting Information) and within the range of commercial SOFC (0.2−1.6% kh −1 ). [ 33 ] We must stress again that an analogous anode‐supported cell (Ni−BZCYYb|BZCYYb|SCFN) previously prepared by one of the coauthors of this article could only be operated for ≈300 h and had a far higher degradation rate of ≈17.78% kh −1 . [ 25 ] Such a significant difference highlights the excellent stability of the MS‐RePCC developed here.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Metal‐Supported Reversible Protonic Ceramic Cells with Exceptional Performance and Durability

Wang

Song

Liu

et al. 2021

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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Reversible protonic ceramic cells (RePCCs) are limited by several factors, including high cost, poor stability, and insufficient fuel electrode activity toward fuel oxidization/generation reactions. Herein, a novel Ni−Fe metal‐supported RePCC (MS‐RePCC) to address these issues simultaneously is proposed. Specifically, the Ni−Fe support possesses good mechanical strength and thermal compatibility with cermet‐based electrodes/electrolytes, ensuring a facile cell fabrication and robust durability. Density functional theory calculations suggest that Fe in the Ni−Fe support enhances the fuel electrode functional layer by providing additional and more active sites for the electrocatalytic reactions. The as‐fabricated MS‐RePCC at 700 °C achieves an excellent peak power density (PPD) of 586 mW cm−2 and an electrolysis current of −428 mA cm−2 (at 1.3 V). Furthermore, the cell is exceptionally stable, as evidenced by 930 h of fuel cell operation with ultralow degradation (≈0.78% kh−1), and much better than an analogous anode‐supported cell (≈17.78% kh−1). In addition, the cell is stable for 50 h of reversible fuel cell/electrolyzer cycling, further demonstrating the potential of this MS‐RePCC. This article proposes a simple and new approach to enhance the electrochemical activity and durability of RePCC, thereby accelerating the commercialization of this technology.

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“…Compared to individual cells, stacks have lower reliability, and durability when the same material type and catalyst is used as the individual cell. The degradation of materials and catalysts in the stacks, sparked by poor water management and thermal issues in the case of PEMFC for example, and the non-homogenous contact between cathode and interconnectors in the case of SOFC (Fang et al, 2020). Thus, overshadows the main reasons as to why scalability problems are emerging.…”

Section: Large Scale Technical Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grand Challenges in Fuel cell Technology towards Resource Recovery

Ali

Al‐Othman

Tawalbeh

2023

JRR

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IntroductionTransition towards the generation and conversion of clean energy requires the improvement of current renewable energy-based technologies. Increasing dependence and application of fossil fuels, initiated by escalating world energy demands, have resulted in severe environmental problems including climate change and global warming (Tawalbeh et al., 2022a). Importantly, repercussions of fossil fuel emissions are said to be "unlocalized" where even though the developed nations are responsible for the emissions, it is the developing nations that suffer as evidenced by recent devastations in South Asia (Perera, 2018) (Khokhar, 2022). Fuel cells have immense potential in catalyzing the shift towards cleaner energy sources and can also be utilized as efficient power generators and converters. Besides environmental benefits, www.resrecov.com HIGHLIGHTS ➢ Fuel cells are promising candidates for power generation with zero to low carbon footprint. ➢ Fuel cells are ideal for stationery and transportation sectors due to numerous advantages. ➢ Large scale commercialization still requires the unraveling the technical issues such as durability, and cost.

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Degradation Analysis of an SOFC Short Stack Subject to 10,000 h of Operation

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of Electrochemical Degradation Phenomena of SOC Stacks Operated in Reversible SOFC/SOEC Cycling Mode

Analysis of Electrochemical Degradation Phenomena of SOC Stacks Operated in Reversible SOFC/SOEC Cycling Mode

Functionalized Metal‐Supported Reversible Protonic Ceramic Cells with Exceptional Performance and Durability

Grand Challenges in Fuel cell Technology towards Resource Recovery

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