Degradation and responses of coprostanol and selected sterol biomarkers in sediments to a simulated major sewage pollution event: A microcosm experiment under sub-tropical estuarine conditions

Pratt, Catherine; Warnken, Jan; Leeming, Rhys; Arthur, James Michael; Grice, I. Darren

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.06.009

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…CO and EP were found in most of the sampling stations; this could be the result of a decrease of the flow during this season, leading to less transport of suspended material [47]. Therefore, sites with no fecal material content in high flow conditions (near the spring exit) show fecal material presence under low flow conditions.…”

Section: Dry Season (May 2013)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Submerged Groundwater Discharges as Source of Fecal Material in Protected Karstic Coastal Areas

Manzano¹,

Árcega-Cabrera

Derrien

et al. 2018

Geofluids

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Coastal zones are vital for their ecosystem services and socioeconomic value. Accordingly, several zones have been protected to limit anthropogenic development and to avoid environmental degradation. Nevertheless, some of these protected areas keep deteriorating probably related with anthropogenic contributions not considered in legislation. Specifically, submerged groundwater discharges (springs) could be releasing anthropogenic materials carried from remote inland areas to the coast. Here we evaluate the role and temporal variation of submerged groundwater discharges as sources of anthropogenic materials using the 5 -stanol C 27 markers in the natural protected area of Dzilam de Bravo, Yucatán, Mexico. Results demonstrate that (1) submerged groundwater discharge flux velocity and direction vary between hydrological season, exhibiting higher flow rates in Nortes season contrary to dry season and (2) the presence of coprostanol and epicoprostanol (anthropogenic fecal matter markers) in sediments surrounding the submerged groundwater discharges provides proof of allochthonous anthropogenic fecal material in a protected area, probably from remote inland sites. Thus, it is vitally important that inland anthropogenic materials transported in groundwater and released in the coastal environment by submerged groundwater discharges be considered in protection plans, like protection perimeters, for coastal zones.

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Section: Dry Season (May 2013)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Submerged Groundwater Discharges as Source of Fecal Material in Protected Karstic Coastal Areas

Manzano¹,

Árcega-Cabrera

Derrien

et al. 2018

Geofluids

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“…FC can present lower survival rates in sediments than other fecal indicators (Skanavis and Yanko, 2001;Pratt et al, 2008), whereas CPs can survive for long periods, indicating remote or old pollution (Horan, 2003). Further studies should included Enterococci as a better indicator than FC to predict presence of pathogens in marine environments (Prüss, 1998).…”

Section: Correlation Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Pollution in Coastal Marine Sediments from a Semi-Enclosed Deep Embayment Subjected to Anthropogenic Activities: An Issue to Be Considered in Environmental Quality Management Frameworks Development

et al. 2010

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Sewage discharge is a major source of pollution in marine environments. Urban wastewaters can directly enter marine environments carrying pathogen organisms, organic loads, and nutrients. Because marine sediments can act as the ultimate fate of a wide range of pollutants, environmental quality assessment in this compartment can help to identify pollution problems in coastal areas. In the present study, characterization of surficial marine sediments allowed assessment of fecal pollution in a semi-enclosed deep embayment that is subjected to anthropogenic activities. Physicochemical parameters and fecal indicators presented a great spatial heterogeneity. Fecal coliform and Clostridium perfringens showed accumulation in an extensive area, not only in proximity to sewage discharge points, but also in sediments at 100 meters depth. Results included herein demonstrated that, in coastal areas, urban wastewater discharge can affect the whole ecosystem through accumulation of fecal matter in bottom sediments. Application of multivariate techniques provided useful information with applicability for management of coastal areas in such complex systems. Environmental implications of wastewater discharge in coastal areas indicate the need to implement and include sediment quality control strategies in legislative frameworks.

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“…It is therefore a widely accepted biomarker for sewage/fecal matter of human or animal origin (Chou and Liu, 2004; Furtula et al, 2012; Hussain et al, 2010; Lee et al, 2011; Martins et al, 2011). Under aerobic conditions in sandy sediments, Pratt et al (2008) observed that coprostanol degrades more slowly than fecal bacterial indicators. Under anaerobic conditions, coprostanol can persist in sediments for years to centuries (Bartlett, 1987; Nishimura and Koyama, 1977; Reeves and Patton, 2005; Tse et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Human and livestock waste as a reduced carbon source contributing to the release of arsenic to shallow Bangladesh groundwater

Whaley-Martin

Mailloux

Geen

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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Recent studies have demonstrated that the supply of relatively young organic carbon stimulates the release of arsenic to groundwater in Bangladesh. This study explores the potential role of human and livestock waste as a significant source of this carbon in a densely populated rural area with limited sanitation. Profiles of aquifer sediment samples were analyzed for phytosterols and coprostanol to assess the relative contributions of plant-derived and human/livestock waste-derived organic carbon at two well-characterized sites in Araihazar. Coprostanol concentrations increased with depth from non-detection (<10 m at Site B and <23 m at Site F) to maxima of 1.3 and 0.5 ng/g in aquifer sands recovered from 17 m (Site B) and 26 m (Site F), respectively. The commonly used sewage contamination index ([5β-coprostanol]/([5α-cholestanol] + [5β-coprostanol])) exceeds 0.7 between 12 and 19 m at Site B and between 24 and 26 m at Site F, indicating input of human/livestock waste to these depths. Urine/fecal input within the same depth range is supported by groundwater Cl/Br mass ratios >1000 compared to Cl/Br <500 at depths >50 m. Installed tube wells in the area’s study sites may act as a conduit for DOC and specifically human/livestock waste into the aquifer during flood events. The depth range of maximum input of human/livestock waste indicated by these independent markers coincides with the highest dissolved Fe (10–20 mg/L) and As (200–400 μg/L) concentrations in groundwater at both sites. The new findings suggest that the oxidation of human/livestock waste coupled to the reductive dissolution of iron-(oxy)-hydroxides and/or arsenate may enhance groundwater contamination with As.

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Degradation and responses of coprostanol and selected sterol biomarkers in sediments to a simulated major sewage pollution event: A microcosm experiment under sub-tropical estuarine conditions

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

Submerged Groundwater Discharges as Source of Fecal Material in Protected Karstic Coastal Areas

Submerged Groundwater Discharges as Source of Fecal Material in Protected Karstic Coastal Areas

Fecal Pollution in Coastal Marine Sediments from a Semi-Enclosed Deep Embayment Subjected to Anthropogenic Activities: An Issue to Be Considered in Environmental Quality Management Frameworks Development

Human and livestock waste as a reduced carbon source contributing to the release of arsenic to shallow Bangladesh groundwater

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