Degradation Effects on Industrial Gas Turbines

Kurz, Rainer; Brun, Klaus; Wollie, Meron

doi:10.1115/1.3097135

Cited by 69 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…While in the new machine all stages were working at their optimum efficiency point at design surge margins, the degradation will force all stages after the first one to work at off optimum operating conditions, thus reducing surge or stall margins and efficiency (Kurz et al, 2008;Brun et al, 2005;Spakovszky et al, 1999). This will not only lower the overall efficiency and the pressure ratio that can be achieved, but also the operating range.…”

Section: Degradation Of Componentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Degradation of gas turbine performance in natural gas service

Kurz¹,

Brun

2009

Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering

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Section: Degradation Of Componentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Degradation of gas turbine performance in natural gas service

Kurz¹,

Brun

2009

Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering

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“…In papers Diakunchak (1992); Kurz and Brun (2001); Kurz et al (2009), several mechanisms which cause degradation in gas turbines are presented. The major contribution of degradation mechanisms in an industrial gas turbine is fouling.…”

Section: Gas Turbine Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the case with a constant compressor pressure ratio together with fixed ambient conditions, the compressor need to rotate faster to compensate for the degradation in efficiency due to fouling (Kurz et al, 2009). At the same time, the compressor will also consume more power and fuel.…”

Section: Pressure Ratio Based Mass Flow Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model Based Diagnosis and Supervision of Industrial Gas Turbines

Larsson¹

2014

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Supervision of performance in gas turbine applications is important in order to achieve: (i) reliable operations, (ii) low heat stress in components, (iii) low fuel consumption, and (iv) efficient overhaul and maintenance. To obtain good diagnosis performance it is important to have tests which are based on models with high accuracy. A main contribution of the thesis is a systematic design procedure to construct a fault detection and isolation (FDI) system which is based on complex nonlinear models. These models are preliminary used for simulation and performance evaluations. Thus, is it possible to use these models also in the FDI-system and which model parts are necessary to consider in the test design? To fulfill the requirement of an automated design procedure, a thermodynamic gas turbine package GTLib is developed. Using the GTLib framework, a gas turbine diagnosis model is constructed where component deterioration is introduced. In the design of the test quantities, equations from the developed diagnosis models are carefully selected. These equations are then used to implement a Constant Gain Extended Kalman filter (CGEKF) based test quantity. The number of equations and variables which the test quantity is based on is significantly reduced compared to the original reference model. The test quantity is used in the FDI-system to supervise the performance and the turbine inlet temperature which is used in the controller. An evaluation is performed using experimental data from a gas turbine site. The case study shows that the designed FDI-system can be used when the decision about a compressor wash is taken. When the FDI-system is augmented with more test quantities it is possible to diagnose sensor and actuator faults at the same time the performance is supervised. Slow varying sensor and actuator bias faults are difficult diagnose since they appear in a similar manner as the performance deterioration, but the FDI-system has the ability to detect these faults. Finally, the proposed model based design procedure can be considered when an FDI-system of an industrial gas turbine is constructed.iii Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Diagnostik och prestandaövervakning förekommer inom många industriella applikationer. Detta område är viktigt att beakta för att: (i) upprätthålla hög tillförlitlighet, (ii) undvika onödig belastning på komponenter, (iii) minimera energiförbrukningen, och (iv) effektivt kunna planera underhåll. Eftersom prestandan i en applikation oftast inte är direkt mätbar behövs metoder för att kunna skatta dessa prestandaparametrar utifrån kända mätsignaler. Detta kan vara svårt eftersom: (i) sambandet mellan mätsig-naler och prestandaparametrar kan vara komplicerat, (ii) mätsignaler innehåller brus, och (iii) mätsignaler kan vara opålitliga och visa ett felaktigt värde. Dessa aspekter bör beaktas när ett diagnos-och övervakningssystem utvecklas. Eftersom många system är komplexa kan det vara nödvändigt att ha effektiva och automatiserade metoder för att skatta prestanda och bestämma diag...

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“…The combustors in the conventional GTPP and the afterburners in the membrane-based GTPP are, in general, not directly affected by degradation [16,26,27,38]. Due to the lack of available data, degradation of the catalytic combustors in the membrane reactor [12] was also neglected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a mixed-conducting membrane-based gas turbine power plant for CO2 capture: system level analysis of operation stability and individual process unit degradation

Colombo

Хартон

Viskup

et al. 2010

J Solid State Electrochem

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A gas turbine power plant for CO 2 capture, based on oxygen-permeable membranes with mixed ionicelectronic conductivity, was analysed with respect to longterm stability by means of numerical simulation. Due to the attractive transport and physicochemical properties of mixed-conducting La 2 NiO 4+δ , this nickelate was selected as a prototype membrane material for this application. Experiments showed very slow degradation of La 2 NiO 4+δ membranes at oxygen chemical potentials close to atmospheric conditions, which are associated with kinetic demixing and other microstructure-related factors. Interaction with CO 2 in the intermediate temperature range also leads to lower oxygen permeation, whilst increasing oxygen pressure may cause partial phase decomposition and microstructural changes, thus again limiting the range of possible operation conditions. The relevant operational constraints were included in a detailed membrane-based gas turbine power plant model. The membrane performance degradation with time was approximated by a linear function with average rate of 3.3% per 1,000 operation hours. Furthermore, performance deterioration of the gas turbine compressor and turbine were also considered. Simulations revealed that the power plant is substantially affected by degradation of the ceramic membranes and turbomachinery components. The already rather small operating window was further narrowed when compared with a conventional gas turbine power plant. Two different designs of the membrane-based power plant were analysed: (1) with and (2) without additional combustors (afterburners) between the membrane reactor and the gas turbine. Afterburners increase thermal efficiency as well as power output, but also lead to non-negligible CO 2 emissions. In order to have a frame of comparison, results for a conventional gas turbine power plant with degradation of turbomachinery components are also presented. Simulations representing changes in ambient temperature and fuel composition as well as failure incidents were executed to analyse the susceptibility of the gas turbine power plant to external and internal changes.

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Degradation Effects on Industrial Gas Turbines

Cited by 69 publications

References 16 publications

Degradation of gas turbine performance in natural gas service

Degradation of gas turbine performance in natural gas service

Model Based Diagnosis and Supervision of Industrial Gas Turbines

Simulation of a mixed-conducting membrane-based gas turbine power plant for CO2 capture: system level analysis of operation stability and individual process unit degradation

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