2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126303
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Degradation of difenoconazole in water and soil: Kinetics, degradation pathways, transformation products identification and ecotoxicity assessment

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Cited by 60 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…Semi-field experiments performed in Sweden and the Netherlands show chronic toxic effects of azoxystrobin at concentrations that are an order of magnitude lower than the TWACs calculated in this study, with copepods and some Cladocera showing the largest abundance declines (Gustafsson et al, 2010; van Wijngaarden et al, 2014). Difenoconazole has proven to be very toxic to daphnids (Moreira et al ., 2020), fish and algae (Man et al ., 2021) in other ecosystems impacted by rice production (Shen et al ., 2022). On the other hand, MCPA is relatively toxic to eelgrass and dicotyledonous aquatic plants (Nielsen & Dahllöf, 2007), and has been highlighted as one of the most toxic compounds in other rice production areas such as the Ebro Delta in Spain (Barbieri et al ., 2020).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Semi-field experiments performed in Sweden and the Netherlands show chronic toxic effects of azoxystrobin at concentrations that are an order of magnitude lower than the TWACs calculated in this study, with copepods and some Cladocera showing the largest abundance declines (Gustafsson et al, 2010; van Wijngaarden et al, 2014). Difenoconazole has proven to be very toxic to daphnids (Moreira et al ., 2020), fish and algae (Man et al ., 2021) in other ecosystems impacted by rice production (Shen et al ., 2022). On the other hand, MCPA is relatively toxic to eelgrass and dicotyledonous aquatic plants (Nielsen & Dahllöf, 2007), and has been highlighted as one of the most toxic compounds in other rice production areas such as the Ebro Delta in Spain (Barbieri et al ., 2020).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All buffer solutions (pH 4, 7, and 9) were prepared with distilled water obtained from Watsons Co., Ltd, as previously described. 22 Buffer solutions and glass apparatuses were sterilized by autoclaving for 40 min at 120 °C to avoid microbial degradation. The pH of each solution was measured and calibrated prior to the experiments.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As the emission spectra of a xenon lamp is similar to that of sunlight, it was used as the light source. 22 UPLC-HRMS was employed for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of pyridaben and its photolysis products. The effects of pH, HA, FA, nitrates, and Fe( iii ) on the kinetics of photolysis pyridaben and its photolysis products were investigated.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In many cases, these transformation products have unknown effects on the environment [ 7 ], are known to cause loss of species [ 7 ], or have been classified as carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and teratogenic [ 8 ]. Some authors, such as Man et al [ 9 ], found that photodegradation products of difenoconazole are toxic for fish but not for crustaceans. Klementová et al [ 3 ] reported no toxicity of the combined photodegraded products of atrazine on aquatic plants, while crustaceans only suffered toxic effects after long-term exposure to atrazine.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%