Degradation of dyes by fungi: an insight into mycoremediation

Abstract

Currently, globalization, urbanization and industrialization have led to several environmental issues. In many industries, particularly in textile industries, the extensive use of synthetic dyes has increased. Dye is an integral element used to impart color to textile materials. Wastes generated during the processing and treatment of the dye contain inorganic and organic compounds that are hazardous, thereby posing a serious threat to the ecosystem. It is therefore important to implement cost-efficient and successful measures against these emissions in order to preserve habitats and natural resources. In this context, biodegradation by fungi or mycoremediation of dyes using potential fungi is a fairly inexpensive and environmental friendly method for decomposing or mineralizing barely or less decaying dye compounds. Fungi play a crucial role in degrading and decolorizing organic dyes by enzymes and processes such as absorption, adsorption and aggregation of effluent colorants. The factors affecting the decolorization and biodegradation of dye compounds through fungal bioremediation, such as pH, temperature, dye concentration, agitation, effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, dye structure, enzymes, electron donor and redox mediators are discussed in this review. The review also includes a summary on the mechanism and kinetics of dye degradation as well as recent advances and future perspectives in mycoremediation of dyes.

Adsorption of tetracycline on polyvinyl chloride microplastics in aqueous environments

“…This reduces the contact between the adsorbent and the antibiotic, thereby decreasing the rate of adsorption. At low adsorbent doses, there is a lower possibility of adsorbent accumulation and a higher adsorption of TTC molecules towards the adsorbent surface 44 , 45 .…”

Multigene phylogeny, bioactive properties, enzymatic and dye decolorization potential of selected marine fungi from brown algae and sponges of Mauritius

“…Those aromatic compounds reduce the dissolved oxygen and are poisonous to aquatic life. Mycoremediation is effective, eco-friendly and economical as compared to traditional methods that are costly and sometimes result in accumulation of secondary materials [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Efficient Decolorization of the Poly-Azo Dye Sirius Grey by Coriolopsis gallica Laccase-Mediator System: Process Optimization and Toxicity Assessment

“…Nevertheless, their unwanted outcomes, like the formation of secondary mud, the limited efficacy, and the high cost, have prompted industries to look for alternative biological methods that are especially eco-friendly and low-cost and where plant microorganisms and/or their enzymes can be used. Yeast [ 14 ], bacteria [ 15 , 16 ], algae [ 17 ], and fungi [ 18 ] have widely been used for this purpose. Several studies demonstrated the efficiency of white-rot fungi such as Trametes versicolor [ 19 ], Trametes trogii [ 20 ], and Coriolopsis gallica [ 7 , 21 ], and other fungi like Aspergillus niger [ 22 ] in the removal of textile dyes using their enzymes or biomasses.…”