Degradation of ethinyl estradiol by nitrifying activated sludge

Vader, J.S.; Ginkel, C.G. van; Sperling, F.M.G.M.; Jong, Jisun; Boer, Wietse de; Graaf, J.S. de; Most, M. van der; Stokman, P.G.W.

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00556-1

Cited by 237 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Better removal was obtained for all the EDCs with increasing rate of nitrification for each of the WWTP. This agrees with the findings of Vader et al (2000) where they found that no degradation of EE2 was observed when there was insignificant nitrifying capacity. Biofilters and RBC have low nitrification rates relative to ASPs and oxidation ditches.…”

Section: Biological Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 92%

The fate and behavior of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals in full scale wastewater and sludge treatment unit processes

Ifelebuegu

2011

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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AB STRACT: Endocrine disrupting chemicals are discharged into the environment mainly through wastewater treatment processes. There is a need for better understanding of the fate of these compounds in the unit processes of treatment plant to optimise their removal. The fate of oestrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinyestradiol and nonylphenol in the unit processes of full scale wastewater treatment plants in the UK, including activated sludge plant, oxidation ditch, biofilter and rotating biological contactor were investigated. The overall removal efficiencies of all the compounds ranged from 41 % to 100 %. The removals were predominantly during the secondary biological treatment with the rates of removal related to the nitrification rates and the sludge age. The removal efficiency of the treatment processes were in the order activated sludge > oxidation ditch > biofilter > rotating biological contactors. Activated sludge plant configured for biological nutrient removal showed better removal of the endocrine disrupting chemicals compared to conventional activated sludge plant effluents. Tertiary treatment was also significant in the removal process through solids removal. Overall mechanisms of removal were biodegradation and sorption unto sludge biomass. Phytoremediation was also significant in the removal processes. The endocrine disrupting chemicals persisted in the anaerobic sludge digestion process with percentage removals ranging fro 10-48 %. Sorption of the endocrine disrupting chemicals onto the sludge increased with increasing values for the partitioning coefficients and the organic carbon contents of the sludge.

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Section: Biological Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 92%

The fate and behavior of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals in full scale wastewater and sludge treatment unit processes

Ifelebuegu

2011

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Körner et al [129] reported a marginal estrogenic response, with a Relative Proliferative Effect (RPE) of 10% (in the study of Körner et al [129], RPE indicated the proliferative effect of effluent wastewater on the MCF-7 breast cancer cells relative to the positive control 17β-estradiol (E2)) of the effluent from a textile WWTP adopting an ASP with nitrification-denitrification. In a strong agreement, Vader et al [130] suggested that high removal of estrogens (in the range of 79-95%) was mainly attributed to the nitrifying stage. Findings of McAdam et al [131] also showed the same patterns where nitrifying appeared in higher de-ethoxylation of long-chain nonylphenolic compounds (NP [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] EO), at approximately 92%, and partial removal of NP, whereas non-nitrifying process yielded poorer de-ethoxylation and an accumulation of NP.…”

Section: The Role Of the Secondary Activated Sludge Processmentioning

confidence: 69%

Distribution and Removal of Nonylphenol Ethoxylates and Nonylphenol from Textile Wastewater—A Comparison of a Cotton and a Synthetic Fiber Factory in Vietnam

Watanabe

2017

Water

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Abstract:The textile industry is a significant source of nonyphenol and their ethoxylates, which are suggested to be responsible for endocrine disruption in wildlife and humans. This study is a comparison of two conventional wastewater treatment processes in a cotton and a synthetic fiber factory in Vietnam, with regard to the distribution and removal of nonyphenol ethoxylates and nonyphenol throughout each process. Diverse trends in the distribution of nonyphenol ethoxylates in wastewater from factories, distinguished by their raw materials, could be revealed. Primary coagulation might not perfectly facilitate nitrification in the secondary activated sludge process regarding pH. Nevertheless, satisfactory removals were achieved during coagulation and activated sludge processes in both systems. The roles of long hydraulic retention times (21 and 16 h, respectively), low organic loadings (0.1 and 0.2 gCOD/gMLVSS.day, respectively), extended solids retention times (61 and 66 days, respectively), and mixed liquor suspended solids of greater than 2000 mg/L have been demonstrated. The findings provide evidence and a better understanding of nonyphenol ethoxylate and nonyphenol removal efficacy as well as influencing factors in Vietnamese textile wastewater treatment. The results are beneficial for the textile industry in Vietnam regarding investment decisions for wastewater treatment.

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“…Free ammonia mono-oxygenase enzymes released by lysis extracellularly are not likely to be involved in biodegradation [52,87]. Gaulke et al [88] observed that EE2 removal in nitrifying batch studies was not by nitrifying bacteria activity, dismissing the hypothesis that nitrification augments EE2 removals [89]. The synthesis of nitro-EE2 confirmed that EE2 is nitrated at high ammonia feed concentrations caused by the high production of nitrates; EE2 removal here is an artefact of laboratory scale investigation.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 81%

Fate of drugs during wastewater treatment

Petrie

McAdam

Scrimshaw

et al. 2013

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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Recent trends for the determination of pharmaceutical drugs in wastewaters focus on the development of rapid multi-residue methods. These encompass a large number of drugs (up to 90) of varying physicochemical composition (hydrophobicity, molecular weight etc) at ng l -1 concentrations in the aqueous phase of complex heterogeneous matrices. These are well suited for drug determination in secondary effluents which contain detectable concentrations of pharmaceuticals. Drugs are not routinely monitored for in particulate phases of wastewaters despite being essential for fate determination, particularly in secondary processes receiving relatively high concentrations of suspended solids. Secondary effluents tend to contain multiple drugs, often above their proposed legislative targets for consent. Thus, tertiary processing may be considered to enhance drug removal and provide additional environmental protection. However, current analytical methods do not enable the efficacy of tertiary processes to be fully ascertained due to the inherently lower drug concentrations achieved. Existing method optimisation is required to lower detection capabilities for tertiary process monitoring. This would aid the understanding of breakdown reaction completeness and the criticality between parent drug and degradation product concentrations. Numerous degradation products are formed by biological and chemical processes which can exhibit toxicity. The complimentary use of biological assays here would improve understanding of the synergistic toxicological effect of multiple drugs and their degradation products at low concentration. Additionally, tertiary processes receive secondary effluents comprising comparatively high concentrations of dissolved organics (e.g., colloids). However, knowledge of drug behaviour in the charged colloidal fraction of wastewater and its impact to treatment is limited. Monitoring and understanding here is needed to develop tertiary process diagnosis and optimisation.

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Degradation of ethinyl estradiol by nitrifying activated sludge

Cited by 237 publications

References 11 publications

The fate and behavior of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals in full scale wastewater and sludge treatment unit processes

The fate and behavior of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals in full scale wastewater and sludge treatment unit processes

Distribution and Removal of Nonylphenol Ethoxylates and Nonylphenol from Textile Wastewater—A Comparison of a Cotton and a Synthetic Fiber Factory in Vietnam

Fate of drugs during wastewater treatment

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