“…The conversion of ferulic acid into vanillic acid was also observed for the ascomycete fungi A. niger (Lesage-Meessen et al, 1996) and Botrytis, Cephalosporium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, and Verticillium species (Henderson & Farmer, 1955), indicating that this metabolic step is present in both fungal phyla. An alternative pathway in which ferulic acid was decarboxylated into 4-vinyl guaiacol, followed by oxidation of this compound to vanillin and vanillic acid, was described in the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune (Ghosh, Sachan, & Mitra, 2005;Tsujiyama & Ueno, 2008) and the ascomycetes Paecilomyces variotii (Rahouti, Seigle-Murandi, Steiman, & Eriksson, 1989) and F. solani (Nazareth & Mavinkurve, 1986). This pathway was also described for the ascomycete Sporotrichum thermophile (Myceliophthora thermophila), although it was suggested to convert 4-vinyl guaiacol into vanillic acid (Topakas, Kalogeris, Kekos, Macris, & Christakopoulos, 2003).…”