Degradation of four antibiotics from aqueous solution by ozonation: intermediates identification and reaction pathways

Archives of Environmental Protection

“…Several authors have confirmed that the ozonation may be an effective method in the degradation of selected sulfonamides (Garoma 2010, von Sonntag 2012, Tahergorabi 2019, Pelalak et al 2020. Research confirms that molecular ozone can react first with the amine group that is characteristic of sulfonamides.…”

“…The selected sulphonamides (SAs) as: sulfamethazine (SMZ) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) (Table 1) are the oldest chemotherapeutic agents used for antimicrobial therapy mostly in veterinary treatment rather than in human medicine. Therefore, the residues of these compounds, alone or in combinations, have been repeatedly detected in the various compartment of the environment (De Liguoroa 2009, Hester and Harrison 2015, Tahergorabi 2019, Bílková 2019. For example, Zhang et al (2016) observed that sulfadiazine (396 ngL -1 ) and sulfamethazine (382 ngL -1 ) were the dominating antibiotics in the raw wastewater and their removal during wastewater treatment was less than 50%.…”

Isolation, identification, and optimization of conditions for the degradation of four sulfonamide antibiotics and their metabolic pathways in Pseudomonas stutzeri strain DLY-21

“…This study provides a theoretical basis for SA degradation during aerobic composting. In addition, different degradation pathways are used for sulfonamide antibiotics in the environment, which may result from differences in their molecular structures, chemical properties, and biological activities [ 63 ].…”

Comparison of the effectiveness of UV, UV/VUV photolysis, ozonation, and ozone/UV processes for the removal of sulfonamide antibiotics

“…The products can provide additional information to better understand the processes that occur in the case of various treatments. Several products have previously been identified in studies of the photolysis of sulfonamides [69,85,105], including SMP [32,50,69] and SMT [34]. The contribution of various processes (direct photolysis, photosensitization, and reaction with ROS) to the transformation and yield of photoproducts depends primarily on the structure of the heterocyclic ring and the substituents attached to the rings [69,93].…”

“…The European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network [21] estimates that more than 670,000 infections are caused by antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains in the European Union annually, generating approximately 33,000 deaths [21]. Sulfonamides are widely used antibiotics in veterinary medicine, accounting for 11% of total antibiotic sales [85]. Despite the decline in antibiotic use in the EU over the last decade, sulfonamide consumption increased between 2009 and 2016 [21].…”