Degradation of Oxo-Degradable-Polyethylene and Polylactic Acid Films Embodied in the Substrate of the Edible Fungus &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Pleurotus ostreatus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Cruz-Navarro, Dalia Santa; Espinosa-Valdemar, Rosa María; Beltrán-Villavicencio, Margarita; Vázquez‐Morillas, Alethia; Velasco-Pérez, Maribel

doi:10.4236/nr.2014.515081

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It is composed of an aliphatic-aromatic mixture of the copolyester Ecoflex ® (also produced by BASF) and polylactic acid (PLA). All the plastics were cut into 150 × 10 mm probes, and half of each type of plastic was abiotically oxidized in a previously described weathering chamber built at the university [15], in order to simulate the degradation produced by use, UV radiation and temperature. In the chamber, the materials were exposed to 50˚C, 80% relative humidity and a radiation interval 300 -460 nm during 216 hours, the time needed for the OXOLDPE to decrease its elongation at break to values near to 100%, because of the abiotic degradation process.…”

Section: Tested Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Plastics in Seawater in Laboratory

Álvarez‐Zeferino¹,

Beltrán-Villavicencio²,

Vázquez‐Morillas³

2015

OJPChem

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Degradable plastics are used as a way to decrease the environmental impact of these materials when they become waste. However, they can reach natural ecosystems due to littering and bad management. This research assesses the performance of oxodegradable and compostable plastics on marine environments through a respirometric lab test. Probes of the plastics, with and without previous simulated weathering, were put in contact for 48 days with a marine inoculum, in a system that guarantees continuous aeration and capture of the produced CO2. After the test, the samples were also assessed in terms of their loss of mechanical properties. The compostable plastic exhibited the higher degree of mineralization (10%), while there was no difference between the polyolefins (2.06%-2.78%), with or without presence of pro-oxidants or previous abiotic degradation. On the other hand, exposition to UV light promoted a higher loss of elongation at break in the oxodegradables plastic (>68%). The results show that the studied plastics achieve very low biodegradation rates while presenting a higher rate of loss of physical integrity. This combination of phenomena could lead to their fragmentation before significant biodegradation can occur. The risk of microplastics formation must be prevented by avoiding the presence of the materials in marine environments, even if they have shown suitability for some waste management scenarios.

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Section: Tested Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Plastics in Seawater in Laboratory

Álvarez‐Zeferino¹,

Beltrán-Villavicencio²,

Vázquez‐Morillas³

2015

OJPChem

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“…However, depending of the type of plastic and environmental conditions (humidity, temperature, oxygen concentration, and UV radiation), it is possible that plastics present some evidence of degradation such as discoloration and loss of mechanical properties. Santa Cruz-Navarro et al [30] reported a reduction of elongation at break, an indicator of loss of mechanical properties, of 33%-70% for different types of plastic films embodied in substrates used in cultivation of P. ostreatus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Gardening Wastes as a Co-Substrate for Diapers Degradation by the Fungus Pleurotus ostreatus

et al. 2015

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Waste with high biomass content generated in cities in developing countries is sent to landfills or open dumps. This research aims to degrade biomass content in urban waste through cultivation, at pilot scale, of the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. First, the number of diapers used by one baby per week was measured with a survey in day care facilities. Then, cellulose content of diapers was assessed. Finally, cultivation of P. ostreatus was carried out using as substrate a mixture of diapers with gardening waste, a co-substrate readily available at urban settings. The factors assessed were strain of P. ostreatus (grey BPR-81, white BPR-5), conditioning of the substrate (diapers with and without plastic) and co-substrate (wheat straw, grass, and withered leaves). Results show that diapers are a OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 6034 valuable source of biomass, as generation of diapers with urine is 15.3 kg/child/month and they contain 50.2% by weight of cellulose. The highest reductions in dry weight and volume (>64%) of substrates was achieved with the substrate diaper without plastic and co-substrate wheat straw. Although diapers with plastic and grass and leaves showed lower degradation, they achieved efficiencies that make them suitable as a co-substrate (>40%), considering that their biomass is currently confined in landfills.

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“…It is known a series of polyolefin compositions with the addition of naturally occurring biodegradable polymers, such as poly(hydroxyalkanoates) [6,7] or poly(lactic acid) [8,9] required the specific composting conditions. For example, the biodegradability of poly(lactic acid) is fully realized only at an elevated temperature (50-60 • C) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Natural Rubber in Polyethylene Composites on Morphology, Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability

et al. 2020

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Compounding natural additives with synthetic polymers allows developing more eco-friendly materials with enhanced biodegradability. The composite films based on low-density polyethylene (PE) with different content of natural rubber (NR) (10–30 wt%) were investigated. The influence of NR content on structural features, water absorption and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The 70PE/30NR composite is characterized by the uniform distribution and the smallest size of NR domains (45 ± 5 μm). A tensile test was satisfied by the mechanical properties of the biocomposites, caused by elasticity of NR domains. The tensile strength of 70PE/30NR composite film is 5 ± 0.25 MPa. Higher water absorption of PE/NR composites (1.5–3.7 wt%) compared to neat PE facilitates penetrating vital activity products of microorganisms. Mycological test with mold fungi and full-scale soil test detected the composite with 30 wt% of NR as the most biodegradable (mass loss was 7.2 wt% for 90 days). According to infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, NR consumption and PE structural changes in the biocomposites after exposure to soil occurred. The PE/NR composites with enhanced biodegradability as well as satisfied mechanical and technological properties have potential applications in packaging and agricultural films.

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Degradation of Oxo-Degradable-Polyethylene and Polylactic Acid Films Embodied in the Substrate of the Edible Fungus <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Degradation of Plastics in Seawater in Laboratory

Degradation of Plastics in Seawater in Laboratory

Assessment of Gardening Wastes as a Co-Substrate for Diapers Degradation by the Fungus Pleurotus ostreatus

Effect of Natural Rubber in Polyethylene Composites on Morphology, Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability

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