Degradation of the Organochlorinated Herbicide Diuron by Rainforest Basidiomycetes

Abstract

The main organochlorinated compounds used on agricultural crops are often recalcitrant, affecting nontarget organisms and contaminating rivers or groundwater. Diuron (N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N ′ ,N ′ -dimethylurea) is a chlorinated herbicide widely used in sugarcane plantations. Here, we evaluated the ability of 13 basidiomycete strains of growing in a contaminated culture medium and degrading the xenobiotic. Dissipation rates in culture medium with initial 25 mg/L of diuron ranged from 7.3 to 96.8%, being Pluteus cubensis SXS 320 the most efficient strain, leaving no detectable residues after diuron metabolism. Pycnoporus sanguineus MCA 16 removed 56% of diuron after 40 days of cultivation, producing three metabolites more polar than parental herbicide, two of them identified as being DCPU and DCPMU. Despite of the strong inductive effect of diuron upon laccase synthesis and secretion, the application of crude enzymatic extracts of P. sanguineus did not catalyzed the breakdown of the herbicide in vitro, indicating that diuron biodegradation was not related to this oxidative enzyme.

Application of Deconica castanella ligninolytic enzymatic system in the degradation of hexachlorobenzene in soil

“…Nonetheless, most reports of HCB biodegradation employed diluted concentrations of this pollutant (in the range of 0.08 ng g −1 to 50 μg g −1 ), as many microorganisms could not thrive in environments containing higher concentrations of organochlorines. 21,[41][42][43][44] Although the degradation of organochlorinated compounds by fungal laccases from basidiomycetes has been reported, 33,45,46 few research groups explored the degradation of HCB by basidiomycete fungi. In this sense, HCB degradation and its underlying metabolic pathways have been only explored mostly on bacterial models.…”

“…Although the degradation of organochlorinated compounds by fungal laccases from basidiomycetes has been reported, 33,45,46 few research groups explored the degradation of HCB by basidiomycete fungi. In this sense, HCB degradation and its underlying metabolic pathways have been only explored mostly on bacterial models 1,7,21,41–44,47,48 …”

Emerging Strategies for the Bioremediation of the Phenylurea Herbicide Diuron

“…They also confirmed that crude laccase extracts from the white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum could degrade. In contrast to Coelho-Moreira et al (2018) and Henn et al (2020)…”

“…They also confirmed that crude laccase extracts from the white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum could degrade. In contrast to Coelho-Moreira et al (2018) and Henn et al (2020) applied crude enzymatic extracts of Pycnoporus sanguineus but did not catalyze the degradation of DUR in vitro , despite the high degradation rate of P. sanguineus and the strong inductive effect of DUR on laccase synthesis and secretion. Hu et al (2020) observed that DUR concentrations remained constant after incubating T. versicolor laccase in in vitro experiments, despite substantial laccase activity.…”

Fungal assisted bio‐treatment of environmental pollutants with comprehensive emphasis on noxious heavy metals: Recent updates

“…There are different fungal strains that have been utilized in the degradation of diuron (Li et al, 2021), that is, Pycnoporus sanguineus MCA 16 (Henn et al, 2020), Pluteus cubensis SXS 320 (Henn et al, 2020), Trametes versicolor K-41 (Mori et al, 2018), respectively (Gangola et al, 2015). Bending et al (2002) investigated the ability of nine species of white rot fungus to degrade contrasting mono-aromatic pesticides.…”