Delayed anti-HCV antibody response in HIV-positive men acutely infected with HCV

Thomson, Emma C.; Nastouli, Eleni; Main, Janice; Karayiannis, Peter; Eliahoo, Joseph; Muir, David; McClure, Myra O.

doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e32831940a3

Cited by 166 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…15,16 Many factors have been found to influence the progression from low to high avidity. [23][24][25][26] A low avidity result with the assay described in this paper suggested that a recent HCV infection has occurred within ∼4-5 months. In this study, group 1 (acute patients) were defined as becoming anti-HCV positive after a previous negative result taken 4-6 months ago.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A hepatitis C avidity test for determining recent and past infections in both plasma and dried blood spots

Shepherd

Kean

Hutchinson

et al. 2013

Journal of Clinical Virology

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/42887/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the Strathprints administrator: strathprints@strath.ac.ukThe Strathprints institutional repository (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk) is a digital archive of University of Strathclyde research outputs. It has been developed to disseminate open access research outputs, expose data about those outputs, and enable the management and persistent access to Strathclyde's intellectual output. a b s t r a c tBackground: DBS testing has been used successfully to detect HCV antibody positive individuals. Determining how long someone has been infected is important for surveillance initiatives. Antibody avidity is a method that can be used to calculate recency of infection. Objectives: A HCV avidity assay was evaluated for both plasma and DBS. Study design: To measure antibody avidity a commercial HCV ELISA was modified using 7 M urea. The plasma samples were split into: group 1 (recently infected N = 19), group 2 (chronic carrier N = 300) and group 3 (resolved infection N = 82). Mock DBS made from group 1 (N = 12), group 2 (N = 50), group 3 (N = 25) and two seroconverter panels were evaluated. 133 DBS taken from patients known to have a resolved infection or be a chronic carrier were also tested.Results: The avidity assay cut-off was set at AI ≤ 30 for a recent infection. Using sequential samples the assay could detect a recent infection in the first 4-5 months from the point of infection. Most of the false positive results (AI < 30 among cases known not to have had recent infection) were detected among known resolved infections, in both the plasma and DBS; as a result, a testing algorithm has been designed incorporating both PCR and two dilution factors. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay on plasma was 100% and 99.3%, respectively, while DBS had 100% sensitivity and 98.3% specificity. Conclusion:The HCV avidity assay can be used to distinguish between chronic and recent infection using either plasma or DBS as the sample type.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A hepatitis C avidity test for determining recent and past infections in both plasma and dried blood spots

Shepherd

Kean

Hutchinson

et al. 2013

Journal of Clinical Virology

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show abstract

“…Diagnosis of chronic infection is usually made on the basis of a positive anti-HCV anti body test [enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) AE recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA)], confirmed by a positive HCV RNA [reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)] test. However, a proportion of patients will have normal liver enzymes or a negative antibody test in the presence of chronic HCV viraemia [183][184][185][186][187].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Hcv Infection In Hiv-infected Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over time, anti-HCV antibody levels decline such that it can be difficult to differentiate infection in the distant past from nonspecific false positivity [183][184][185][186][187].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Hcv Infection In Hiv-infected Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RNA levels may be transiently undetectable during acute infection so it is particularly important to repeat HCV RNA tests in patients if the time at which they were initially infected is unknown [183][184][185][186][187].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Hcv Infection In Hiv-infected Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With current assays, false negative antibody tests are rare in chronic infection but may be a problem in early acute infection [183][184][185][186][187]. Consideration should be given to HCV RNA testing of HCV antibody-negative HIVpositive individuals where: acute infection is suspected; there are unexplained abnormal liver function tests (rare).…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Hcv Infection In Hiv-infected Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

British HIV Association guidelines for the management of coinfection with HIV‐1 and hepatitis B or C virus 2010

et al. 2009

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Hepatitis in Persons Infected with HIV

Main

McCarron

2013

Viral Hepatitis

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Delayed anti-HCV antibody response in HIV-positive men acutely infected with HCV

Abstract: Delayed seroconversion in HIV-positive individuals with acute HCV may result in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Where there is a clinical suspicion of recent HCV infection, for example, elevated alanine transaminase levels, HIV-infected patients should be screened for HCV RNA by RT-PCR.

Cited by 166 publications

References 15 publications

A hepatitis C avidity test for determining recent and past infections in both plasma and dried blood spots

A hepatitis C avidity test for determining recent and past infections in both plasma and dried blood spots

British HIV Association guidelines for the management of coinfection with HIV‐1 and hepatitis B or C virus 2010

Hepatitis in Persons Infected with HIV

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