Delayed dermal hypersensitivity following killed measles vaccine

Lennon, Richard G.; Isacson, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(67)80102-1

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…The appearance of hemorrhagic measles and severe respiratory disease when vaccinated individuals become naturally infected with these viruses raises the possibility of a vaccine-induced immune hypersensitivity response of a type not normally seen when these infections are acquired naturally. Lennon and Isacson (14) have shown the induction of delayed hypersensitivity in humans, as measured by skin testing to both measles and polio virus after vaccination with virus alone. In all studies so far, however, the intensity of the reactions to viruses has been far less than that elicited by tuberculin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Delayed Hypersensitivity to Myxoviruses Induced by Vaccines

Tremonti¹,

Jackson²

1969

Applied Microbiology

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The delayed hypersensitivity response of guinea pigs to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and myxovirus vaccines was investigated by use of the techniques of skin testing and inhibition of macrophage migration. A serum antibody response to the injected vaccines was readily demonstrable. Parainfluenza type 2 virus consistently failed to induce a delayed hypersensitivity state in 15 animals, even with the use of a virus adjuvant emulsion. Respiratory syncytial virus occupied an intermediate position in that positive delayed type skin tests of an erythematous nature were elicited following inoculation, but only two of seven guinea pigs yielded a positive migration inhibition test. In mumps-inoculated animals, skin testing gave rise to erythematous delayed skin reactions which varied from 0 to 20 mm in size. Migration inhibition could be demonstrated in 7 of 21 animals. In almost all guinea pigs inoculated with BCG, large, indurated, erythematous skin reactions were elicited, and inhibition of macrophage migration was readily demonstrated. The degree of skin reactivity was positively correlated with inhibition of macrophage migration. If the skin reaction to a specific antigen exceeded 9 mm of erythema, that antigen also inhibited macrophage migration. Skin testing proved to be the most sensitive indicator of viral hypersensitivity. Migration inhibition was demonstrated only when a greater than 8-mm skin reaction was evoked. This cellular hypersensitivity appeared to be a qualitative phenomenon, the expression of which could be heightened by the use of adjuvant. The applicability and sensitivity of the migration inhibition technique is considered relative to its use for in vitro monitoring of effects of viral vaccine inoculations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Delayed Hypersensitivity to Myxoviruses Induced by Vaccines

Tremonti¹,

Jackson²

1969

Applied Microbiology

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Allergic Reactions in Acute Bacterial and Viral Infectious Diseases and Active Immunization Procedures

Nyerges¹,

Nyerges²

1976

Allergic Responses to Infectious Agents

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Arthus phenomenon like skin reaction and antibody pattern in rabbits immunized with various myxovirus fractions

Bonin

Schmidt

et al. 1971

Archiv f Virusforschung

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SummaryRabbits immunized with measles-and mumps viruses grown in monkey kidney cells and chick embryo fibroblasts and with their water-and organic solvent fractions obtained by Tween-ether treatment developed immediate type skin hyperreactivity (Arthus phenomenon-like) to challenge with the complete viruses and calf serum, but not to challenge with tissue antigens prepared in the absence of calf serum. The skin reaction in animals immunized with ether fractions was stronger than in animals immunized with water fractions or complete virus, respectively. The intensity of individual skin reactions in each animal was better correlated to the presence of precipitating antibody against calf serum or a component thereof than to the HI titer against the viruses used for immunization.

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Delayed dermal hypersensitivity following killed measles vaccine

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Study of Delayed Hypersensitivity to Myxoviruses Induced by Vaccines

Study of Delayed Hypersensitivity to Myxoviruses Induced by Vaccines

Allergic Reactions in Acute Bacterial and Viral Infectious Diseases and Active Immunization Procedures

Arthus phenomenon like skin reaction and antibody pattern in rabbits immunized with various myxovirus fractions

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