Delayed respiratory syncytial virus epidemic in children after relaxation of COVID-19 physical distancing measures, Ashdod, Israel, 2021

Opek, Moran Weinberger; Yeshayahu, Yonatan; Glatman‐Freedman, Aharona; Kaufman, Zalman; Sorek, Nadav; Brosh‐Nissimov, Tal

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.29.2100706

Cited by 106 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Of note, whereas the incidence of HMPV in this cohort and the previously reported incidence of RSV in the study by Lumley et al. 1 and others 8 , 9 both peaked after ending of the COVID-19 lockdown, the incidence of influenza viruses was not affected at that time. 1 , 9 Hence, different factors drive seasonal variation among different viruses and this concurrent outbreak of HMPV and RSV suggests that outbreaks of these viruses may be less depending on weather conditions.…”

contrasting

confidence: 50%

An off-season outbreak of human metapneumovirus infections after ending of a COVID-19 lockdown

Kivit

Groen

Jongbloed

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection

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contrasting

confidence: 50%

An off-season outbreak of human metapneumovirus infections after ending of a COVID-19 lockdown

Kivit

Groen

Jongbloed

et al. 2022

Journal of Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, the use of an epidemiologic integrated approach has to be highlighted whereas the widest use of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the current COVID-19 pandemic has changed the epidemiologic scenario of influenza and other respiratory viruses [58,59], with a decline of influenza and hRSV detection followed by a resurgence of hRSV incidence in hospitalised children after the relaxation of public health measures [60,61]. Therefore, the importance of molecular epidemiology, in support of the surveillance systems in place against respiratory pathogens both in community and hospital settings, must be emphasised also in the light of a changing and more complex global public health scenario and of the increasing need to update vaccination strategies [62,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: New Challenges for Molecular Epidemiology Surveillance and Vaccination Strategy in Patients with ILI/SARI

et al. 2021

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Several respiratory pathogens are responsible for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe respiratory infections (SARI), among which human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) represents one of the most common aetiologies. We analysed the hRSV prevalence among subjects with ILI or SARI during the five influenza seasons before the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Sicily (Italy). Respiratory specimens from ILI outpatients and SARI inpatients were collected in the framework of the Italian Network for the Influenza Surveillance and molecularly tested for hRSV-A and hRSV-B. Overall, 8.1% of patients resulted positive for hRSV. Prevalence peaked in the age-groups <5 years old (range: 17.6–19.1%) and ≥50 years old (range: 4.8–5.1%). While the two subgroups co-circulated throughout the study period, hRSV-B was slightly predominant over hRSV-A, except for the season 2019–2020 when hRSV-A strongly prevailed (82.9%). In the community setting, the distribution of hRSV subgroups was balanced (47.8% vs. 49.7% for hRSV-A and hRSV-B, respectively), while most infections identified in the hospital setting were caused by hRSV-B (69.5%); also, this latter one was more represented among hRSV cases with underlying diseases, as well as among those who developed a respiratory complication. The molecular surveillance of hRSV infections may provide a valuable insight into the epidemiological features of ILI/SARI. Our findings add new evidence to the existing knowledge on viral aetiology of ILI and SARI in support of public health strategies and may help to define high-risk categories that could benefit from currently available and future vaccines.

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“…12 A similar late increase in RSV incidence was observed separately in other Australian regions 13 and subsequently in a number of other regions internationally. 15 Our previous report analysed RSV laboratory data from emergency department (ED) and hospitalised patients. 10 These data are potentially influenced by altered sampling secondary to mandated SARS-CoV-2 testing and changes in parental healthseeking behaviours for children with respiratory symptoms.…”

Section: Original Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the interseasonal resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus in Western Australia

et al. 2021

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BackgroundFollowing a relative absence in winter 2020, a large resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) detections occurred during the 2020/2021 summer in Western Australia. This seasonal shift was linked to SARS-CoV-2 public health measures. We examine the epidemiology and RSV testing of respiratory-coded admissions, and compare clinical phenotype of RSV-positive admissions between 2019 and 2020.MethodAt a single tertiary paediatric centre, International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition Australian Modification-coded respiratory admissions longer than 12 hours were combined with laboratory data from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2020. Data were grouped into bronchiolitis, other acute lower respiratory infection (OALRI) and wheeze, to assess RSV testing practices. For RSV-positive admissions, demographics and clinical features were compared between 2019 and 2020.ResultsRSV-positive admissions peaked in early summer 2020, following an absent winter season. Testing was higher in 2020: bronchiolitis, 94.8% vs 89.2% (p=0.01); OALRI, 88.6% vs 82.6% (p=0.02); and wheeze, 62.8% vs 25.5% (p<0.001). The 2020 peak month, December, contributed almost 75% of RSV-positive admissions, 2.5 times the 2019 peak. The median age in 2020 was twice that observed in 2019 (16.4 vs 8.1 months, p<0.001). The proportion of RSV-positive OALRI admissions was greater in 2020 (32.6% vs 24.9%, p=0.01). There were no clinically meaningful differences in length of stay or disease severity.InterpretationThe 2020 RSV season was in summer, with a larger than expected peak. There was an increase in RSV-positive non-bronchiolitis admissions, consistent with infection in older RSV-naïve children. This resurgence raises concern for regions experiencing longer and more stringent SARS-CoV-2 public health measures.

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Delayed respiratory syncytial virus epidemic in children after relaxation of COVID-19 physical distancing measures, Ashdod, Israel, 2021

Cited by 106 publications

References 16 publications

An off-season outbreak of human metapneumovirus infections after ending of a COVID-19 lockdown

An off-season outbreak of human metapneumovirus infections after ending of a COVID-19 lockdown

Respiratory Syncytial Virus: New Challenges for Molecular Epidemiology Surveillance and Vaccination Strategy in Patients with ILI/SARI

Examining the interseasonal resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus in Western Australia

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