Deleterious effects of lard-enriched diet on tissues fatty acids composition and hypothalamic insulin actions

Dornellas, Ana Paula Segantine; Watanabe, Regina Lúcia Harumi; Pimentel, Gustavo D.; Boldarine, Valter Tadeu; Nascimento, Cláudia Maria Oller do; Oyama, Lila Missae; Ghebremeskel, Kebreab; Wang, Yudong; Bueno, Allain Amador; Ribeiro, Eliane

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2015.10.003

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…A previous report showed that myristic acid (C16:0) produced anxiolytic-like effects comparable to those of diazepam in male rats (Contreras et al, 2014 ). We have previously reported myristic acid as the most abundant fatty acid in the lard-enriched diet consumed by our animals (Dornellas et al, 2015 ). It has been shown that palatable foods, such as diets rich in sugar and lard, reduced signs of stress and anxiety in humans and animals (Finger et al, 2011 ; Singh, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

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High-Fat Feeding Improves Anxiety-Type Behavior Induced by Ovariectomy in Rats

et al. 2018

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Menopause-induced changes may include increased incidence of both depression/anxiety and obesity. We hypothesized that behavioral changes that may develop after ovarian failure could be related to neurochemical and metabolic aspects affected by this condition and that high-fat intake may influence these associations. The present study investigated in rats the effects of ovariectomy, either alone or combined with high-fat diets enriched with either lard or fish-oil, on metabolic, behavioral and monoaminergic statuses, and on gene expression of neuropeptides and receptors involved in energy balance and mood regulation. Female rats had their ovaries removed and received either standard chow (OvxC) or high-fat diets enriched with either lard (OvxL) or fish-oil (OvxF) for 8 weeks. The Sham group received only chow diet. Ovariectomy increased feed efficiency and body weight gain and impaired glucose homeostasis and serotonin-induced hypophagia, effects either maintained or even accentuated by the lard diet but counteracted by the fish diet. The OvxL group developed obesity and hyperleptinemia. Regarding components of hypothalamic serotonergic system, both ovariectomy alone or combined with the fish diet increased 5-HT2C expression while the lard diet reduced 5-HT1B mRNA. Ovariectomy increased the anxiety index, as derived from the elevated plus maze test, while both high-fat groups showed normalization of this index. In the forced swimming test, ovariectomy allied to high-lard diet, but not to fish-oil diet, reduced the latency to immobility, indicating vulnerability to a depressive-like state. Linear regression analysis showed hippocampal AgRP to be negatively associated with the anxiety index and hypothalamic AgRP to be positively associated with the latency to immobility. These AgRp gene expression associations are indicative of a beneficial involvement of this neuropeptide on both depression and anxiety measures. The present findings demonstrate metabolic, neurochemical and behavioral alterations after ovaries removal and highlight a positive effect of high-fat feeding on the anxiety-like behavior shown by ovariectomized animals. Since the polyunsaturated ômega-3 intake (fish diet), unlike the saturated fat intake (lard diet), failed to induce deleterious metabolic or neurochemical consequences, further studies are needed focusing on the potential of this dietary component as an adjuvant anxiolytic agent after menopause.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The high-fat diets were prepared by adding, to the standard chow, 20% (w/w) fat, 20% (w/w) casein, 10% (w/w) sucrose, and 0.02% (w/w) butylated hydroxytoluene (Watanabe et al, 2010 ; Dornellas et al, 2015 ). The lard diet contained 2% soybean oil to ensure the adequate content of essential PUFAs (Reeves, 1997 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Fat Feeding Improves Anxiety-Type Behavior Induced by Ovariectomy in Rats

et al. 2018

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“…Energy intake was significantly higher in all high-fat diet groups (HFC, HFJ 0.25%, and HFJ 0.5%) due to the higher energy density of the diets than that in the C group. Body weight gain (Δ) in the HFC group was increased as expected, indicating that the high-fat diet model was efficient in inducing body weight gain even with short-term diet intake [ 18 , 19 ]. Interestingly, the body weight of rats in the HFJ 0.25% group did not differ from that in the C group, suggesting that low doses of juçara have a protective role against body weight gain and consequently obesity development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The animals received their respective diets ad libitum, and diet consumption was measured to assess the calorie intake. The control group (C) received a rodent standard commercial diet, the high-fat diet model used was stablished by Dornellas [ 18 ] whereupon the main ingredient is the standard commercial diet with changes in the amount of fat. Juçara supplementation was done by mixing the powdered freeze-dried juçara pulp in the modified diet before pelleting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.) Supplementation for Suppression of NF-κB Pathway in the Hypothalamus after High-Fat Diet in Wistar Rats

et al. 2018

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Obesity is associated with modern diets that are rich in saturated fatty acids. These dietary patterns are linked to low-grade proinflammatory mechanisms, such as the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway rapidly activated through high-fat diets. Juçara is a berry rich in anthocyanins and unsaturated fatty acids, which prevents obesity and associated comorbidities. We evaluated the effect of different doses of freeze-dried juçara pulp on NF-κB pathway after the consumption of short-term high-fat diet. Male Wistar rats with ad libitum access to food and water were divided into four groups: Control diet (C), high-fat diet (HFC), high-fat diet with 0.25% juçara (HFJ 0.25%), and high-fat diet with 0.5% juçara (HFJ 0.5%). Energy intake and body weight gain were increased in HFC and HFJ 0.5% groups compared to C group. The hypothalamus weight reduced in the HFC group compared to C and HFJ 0.25% groups. Cytokines, MYD88, TRAF6, and pNF-κBp50 levels in the hypothalamus, serum triacylglycerol, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), and free fatty acid levels were improved in the HFJ 0.25% group. In summary, the HFJ 0.25% group had better protective effects than those in the HFJ 0.5%. Therefore, 0.25% juçara can be used to protect against central inflammation through the high-fat diet-induced NF-κB pathway.

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“…The main problem with the methodology lies in the composition of the diets, as they differ not only in the addition of lard but also in the amount of casein (present only in the C and C+HF group); the amount of cornstarch (41 vs. 23.97 in the C and C+HF groups, respectively); and, most notably, the amount of sucrose provided to the animals. Even though their composition of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates are similar, the high amount of lard does have an effect on hypothalamic insulin signaling [ 2 ]. Authors show in their Table that C and C+HF groups received 10 and 7.8 g of sucrose in the diet, while BB and BB+HF received 1.3 g and 0 g of sucrose, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%