Deltoid Pathology in Idiopathic Scoliosis

Yarom, R.; Wolf, E; Robin, Gordon C.

doi:10.1097/00007632-198209000-00010

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The reason for this is not clear. Abnormalities in fiber type distribution with a general decrease in the number of type I1 fibers were also observed by Spencer & Eccles (1 976) as well as Yarom & Robin (1979b). Preponderance of type I fibers in all three muscle samples of most cases may be suggestive of a congenital muscle problem (Brooke 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Neurogenic involvement in idiopathic scoliosis was suggested by EMG studies (Kaplan et al 1980). The neuromuscular basis for scoliosis was also suggested by Robin (1975) and Yarom & Robin (1979b). Though non-specific changes of mixed neurogenic and myopathic type have been described by several workers (Fidler et al 1974, Hoppenfeld 1974, Spencer 1974, Tsairis 1974, Spencer & Eccles 1976, Spencer & Zorab 1976, it is not clear at this stage whether it is primarily a myopathic process followed by secondary nerve involvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Morphologic and Morphometric Studies of Muscle in Idiopathic Scoliosis

Sahgal

Shah

Flanagan

et al. 1983

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Morphologic and Morphometric Studies of Muscle in Idiopathic Scoliosis

Sahgal

Shah

Flanagan

et al. 1983

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…Yarom and Robin [15] attempted to combine the muscle cell characteristics of type and size by introduc ing a strength factor. They multiplied the percentages of type I and II fibers by the square of the average diameter of each fiber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Vertebral Muscle Obtained during Surgery for Correction of a Lumbar Disc Disorder

Ford¹,

Bagnall

McFadden

et al. 1983

Cells Tissues Organs

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Biopsies of erector spinae (sacrospinalis) and multifidus muscles were taken, in a precise manner, adjacent to lumbar vertebra 5, from 18 patients aged 28–73, suffering from acute lumbar disc disorders. The respective muscle fiber characteristics were assessed histologically and histochemically using ATPase and NADH staining procedures. A ‘strength factor’ component was developed for each muscle by combining measurements of fiber area and fiber type, to introduce a functional indication of force. No obvious signs of muscle pathology were evident histologically or histochemically. While a large difference in muscle characteristics may exist on opposite sides of the vertebral column in individual subjects, these differences do not appear to be related to the side of the disc protrusion. It is therefore suggested that muscle obtained from patients suffering from disc protrusion can be used as representative of normal muscle.

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“…The platelet, unlike skeletal muscle, has no axial attachments making it independent of the secondary effects of the axial skeleton that potentially are produced by the scoliotic deformity. Yarom and co-workers [21] first noted that calcium and phosphorus levels were elevated in skeletal muscle of patients with AIS and subsequently [22] observed that they were also elevated in platelets of the same AIS patients. Some of the platelets were also larger than normal.…”

Section: Statement By Professor Lowe MDmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet calmodulin levels in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): can they predict curve progression and severity?

Lowe

Burwell

Dangerfield

2004

European Spine Journal

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There is no generally accepted scientific theory for the etiology of idiopathic scoliosis. As part of its mission to widen understanding of scoliosis etiology, the International Federated Body on Scoliosis Etiology (IBSE) introduced the electronic focus group (EFG) as a means of increasing debate of extant knowledge on important topics. This has been designated as an on-line Delphi discussion. The text for this EFG was written by Professor Thomas G Lowe MD and drawn from research carried out by himself and his coworkers on platelet calmodulin levels in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. To explain the relationship of platelet calmodulin levels to scoliosis curve changes in AIS brought about spontaneously, by brace treatment, or surgery Dr Lowe attributes the platelet calmodulin changes to paraspinous muscle activity and suggests that the calmodulin acts as a systemic mediator of tissues having a contractile system (actin and myosin). Controversy includes: 1) the lack of normal data and the large variability in baseline levels of platelet calmodulin, necessitating the use of the AIS subjects as their own controls; 2) calmodulin is not usually used as a marker of platelet activation; 3) whether the platelet calmodulin changes which appear to reflect an abnormality of a portion of the spine are related to local and/or regional changes in muscles, nervous system, or immature vertebrae. What is not controversial is the need for more research on platelets and the immature deforming skeleton in relation to etiology and prognosis.Keywords Scoliosis · Idiopathic · Adolescence · Platelets · Calmodulin This paper provides an edited summary of the second electronic focus group (EFG) of the International Federated Body on Scoliosis Etiology (IBSE). It contains the research of Professor Thomas G Lowe MD and his colleagues on platelet calmodulin levels in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis that was debated via e-mail by IBSE members during the period October 2002-July 2003. The summary (Professor Lowe's statement, comments, questions and answers 1-24) was circulated by e-mail to IBSE members on 22 August 2003 and no further comments were received. Ideas presented in this summary are personal opinions and are not necessarily shared by all those within IBSE. The edited summary of the first EFG of the IBSE and some details about the IBSE have been published [19].

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Deltoid Pathology in Idiopathic Scoliosis

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Morphologic and Morphometric Studies of Muscle in Idiopathic Scoliosis

Morphologic and Morphometric Studies of Muscle in Idiopathic Scoliosis

Analysis of Vertebral Muscle Obtained during Surgery for Correction of a Lumbar Disc Disorder

Platelet calmodulin levels in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): can they predict curve progression and severity?

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