Dementia in long-term Parkinson’s disease patients: a multicentre retrospective study

Abstract

While several studies have investigated the clinical progression of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, there has been a paucity of data on specifically evaluating PD patients with a disease duration of over 20 years. This study retrospectively investigated the frequency of dementia in PD (PDD) patients with a disease duration of over 20 years assessed in research clinics across the UK and Australia. Data from 2327 PD patients meeting the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank Criteria was pooled. A diagnosis of probable PDD was made according to the Movement Disorder Society Level 1 criteria. Thirty-six participants had a disease duration of at least 20 years. Of the 36 patients, only 7 (19%) were classified as probable PDD. Compared to PD patients without dementia, those with dementia had lower levels of educational attainment and exhibited more severe motor features. Additionally, 34 out of the 36 patients (94%) exhibited a non-tremor dominant phenotype. No significant differences in age, age onset, disease duration, dopaminergic medication use, and sex distribution were observed between PD patients with and without dementia. Findings from the present study suggest that the prevalence of dementia in long-term PD patients may be lower than anticipated and suggest that the trajectory of cognitive decline in PD patients can be different. These findings highlight the need to investigate factors that might affect the outcome of cognitive decline in long-term PD patients, which may lead to the determination of potential modulating factors in the development of dementia in these patients.npj Parkinson's Disease (2020) 6:2 ; https://doi.

Enriched Rehabilitation Improves Gait Disorder and Cognitive Function in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…However, both motor and cognitive function are impaired even in the early stages of PD due to dopaminergic neuronal loss in the basal ganglia ( San Martín Valenzuela et al, 2020 ). Consistent with previous studies, the PD groups in our study performed consistently poorer on cognitive and motor assessments than did the HC group ( Opara et al, 2017 ; Szeto et al, 2020 ). The early onset of cognitive deficits exacerbates gait impairments in PD because attention and executive function are indispensable for maintaining gait performance, which includes bilateral coordination and dynamic posture ( Ehgoetz Martens et al, 2018 ).…”

Clinical characteristics of Lewy body dementia in Chinese memory clinics

“…Patients with DLB comprise 0 to 30.5% of the cases of elderly individuals with dementia in clinical studies [5], while PDD is reported to comprise 3.6-30% [6][7][8], with estimates of over 80% in PD patients [9]. The DLB prevalence among various population-based studies ranged from 0 to 26% of all dementia cases, consistent with a population-based prevalence (approximately 10%) in rural island town in east Asia [10,11].…”

Clinical Characterization of Parkinson's Disease Patients With Cognitive Impairment

“…However, age is also related to the duration of the disease, and for that reason, it is difficult to unravel the effects of each one on the risk of dementia. Furthermore, a very recent cross-sectional study assessing dementia in long-term PD patients did not find any significant differences between age, age at onset, or disease duration between PD patients with and without dementia (83).…”