Demographic and lifestyle predictors of survival in patients with esophageal or gastric cancers

Trivers, Katrina F.; Roos, Anneclaire J. De; Gammon, Marilie D.; Vaughan, Thomas L.; Risch, Harvey A.; Olshan, Andrew F.; Schoenberg, Janet B.; Mayne, Susan T.; Dubrow, Robert; Stanford, Janet L.; Abrahamson, Page E.; Rotterdam, Heidi; West, A. Brian; Fraumeni, Joseph F.; Chow, Wong Ho

doi:10.1016/s1542-3565(04)00613-5

Cited by 71 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In contrast, alcohol use was significantly associated with worse outcome among patients with stomach cancer in some studies (17,41). These inconsistencies in the literature might be due to the way that the alcohol-drinking behavior is assessed, for example, in only assessing the alcohol-drinking status or the alcohol-consumption amount (17,39,(42)(43)(44). In our study, alcohol consumption was assessed in terms of both alcohol-drinking status and amount.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Association of Smoking History with Cancer Recurrence and Survival in Stage III–IV Male Gastric Cancer Patients

Han

Kim

Choi

et al. 2013

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Smoking and drinking alcohol are major risk factors for cancer development, and we investigated their effects on gastric cancer prognosis following initial resection.Methods: Data from male patients with stage III-IV gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery between 2001 and 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were followed up until 2011. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards regressions were applied for survival rates.Results: Among 238 patients, 151 (63.4%) smoked and 146 (61.3%) drank alcohol. Current smokers had an increased risk of cancer recurrence or death from any cause [adjusted HR (aHR), 1.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-3.21], cancer recurrence (aHR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.12-3.21), and overall mortality (aHR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.23-3.73) compared with never-smokers. Patients with a lifetime cigarette smoking of <40 and !40 pack-years had increased cancer recurrence or death from any cause (aHR, 1.72 and 2.43, respectively; 95% CI, 1.03-2.86 and 1.38-4.30, respectively), cancer recurrence (aHR, 1.63 and 2.61, respectively; 95% CI, 0.95-2.79 and 1.43-4.77, respectively), and overall mortality (aHR, 1.92 and 2.75, respectively; 95% CI, 1.09-3.38 and 1.47-5.12, respectively) compared with never-smokers. However, drinking alcohol was not associated with postsurgery survival.Conclusions: Cigarette-smoking history at the time of diagnosis, but not drinking history, is associated with cancer recurrence and poor survival after surgery in male patients with stage III-IV gastric cancer.Impact: These findings encourage physicians to advise patients with gastric cancer to stop smoking to obtain a general health benefit and likely improvement in the gastric cancer course. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(10); 1805-12. Ó2013 AACR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Association of Smoking History with Cancer Recurrence and Survival in Stage III–IV Male Gastric Cancer Patients

Han

Kim

Choi

et al. 2013

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…A few reports that specifically focused on BMI suggested that pretreatment BMI was not associated with differential outcome with regard to OS or DFS. [12][13][14] However, the largest study to date is by Trivers et al 17 18 demonstrated that a BMI of >18 kg/m 2 was one of the independent prognostic factors in 105 patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (P ¼ .003). However, in this study, the cutpoint for BMI was nontraditional and the sample size was small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of high body mass index on the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer after surgery as primary therapy

Hayashi¹,

Correa²,

Hofstetter³

et al. 2010

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: High body mass index (BMI), a prevalent condition in the United States, is associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Its influence on a patient's outcome remains unclear. In the current study, the authors examined the impact of BMI on survival and complications in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) who underwent surgery as their primary therapy. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed 301 consecutive EC patients who underwent surgery but received no adjunctive therapy. Patients were segregated into 2 subgroups based on their baseline BMI: normal/low (<25 kg/m 2 ) and high ( 25 kg/m 2 ). RESULTS: Seventy-six (25%) patients had a BMI <25 kg/m 2 and 225 (75%) patients had a BMI 25 kg/m 2 . In the high BMI group, there were more men (P < .001), fewer upper ECs (P ¼ .021), a lower baseline clinical stage (P ¼ .006), and frequent EAC (P < .001). Postoperative morbidity was similar in both groups, with the exception of gastrointestinal complications (P ¼ .016). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 44% in the normal/low BMI group and 60% in the high BMI group (P ¼ .017). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 41% in the normal/low BMI group and 60% in the high BMI group (P ¼ .005). On multivariable analysis, age, weight loss, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), and both clinical and pathological stage of disease were found to be independent prognosticators for OS. Older age (hazard ratio [HR]

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“…Some studies have investigated whether risk factors of oesophageal cancer including obesity are also associated with survival, independent of clinico-pathologic factors [26]. The studies investigating pre-diagnostic BMI in relation to survival among oesophageal cancer patients were heterogeneous, in particular with respect to the time of when BMI measures were determined or recalled: the definition of pre-diagnostic BMI varied from usual BMI [27] to BMI one year [28] or 20 years prior to diagnosis [29]. The first study investigated the association between usual BMI and survival in oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients and observed longer survival associated with usual overweight but not obesity [27].…”

Section: Association Between Obesity and Oesophageal Cancer Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies investigating pre-diagnostic BMI in relation to survival among oesophageal cancer patients were heterogeneous, in particular with respect to the time of when BMI measures were determined or recalled: the definition of pre-diagnostic BMI varied from usual BMI [27] to BMI one year [28] or 20 years prior to diagnosis [29]. The first study investigated the association between usual BMI and survival in oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients and observed longer survival associated with usual overweight but not obesity [27]. In a nationwide Swedish study in oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients, overweight or obesity 20 years before diagnosis was associated with a tendency of better survival compared with normal-weight [26,29].…”

Section: Association Between Obesity and Oesophageal Cancer Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Oesophageal Cancer

Nimptsch

Steffen

Pischon

2016

Recent Results in Cancer Research

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(150-250 words)A substantial increase in the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma has been observed in western countries during the past 30 years, which may be related to the parallel rise of the obesity prevalence. On the other hand, incidence rates of oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas, the other major histological type of oesophageal cancer, have remained relatively stable.Epidemiological research of the past decades has identified obesity as risk factor for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Studies investigating general obesity as assessed by body mass index provide evidence for a strong positive association with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Studies investigating abdominal obesity in relation to oesophageal adenocarcinoma observed also positive associations, which may be independent of general obesity. Some studies indicate that early life obesity is also associated with higher risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, but it is as to date unclear whether these associations are independent of adult obesity. Part of the positive association between obesity and oesophageal adenocarcinoma may be explained through obesityrelated mechanical promotion of gastrooesophageal reflux disease, which is one of the main risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Other lines of evidence point to an independent role of metabolic pathways modulating cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell growth such as proinflammatory cytokines, adipokines and insulin resistance, the role of which in oesophageal carcinogenesis is, however, as to date insufficiently understood. Studies investigating obesity in 2 relation to squamous cell carcinoma observed inverse relationships, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

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Demographic and lifestyle predictors of survival in patients with esophageal or gastric cancers

Cited by 71 publications

References 17 publications

Association of Smoking History with Cancer Recurrence and Survival in Stage III–IV Male Gastric Cancer Patients

Association of Smoking History with Cancer Recurrence and Survival in Stage III–IV Male Gastric Cancer Patients

The influence of high body mass index on the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer after surgery as primary therapy

Obesity and Oesophageal Cancer

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