Demographic Change in Uruguay: Economic Opportunities and Challenges

Rofman, Rafael; Amarante, Verónica; Apella, Ignacio

doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0844-9

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Gragnolati et al (2014) find that, with the current policies, in Argentina, public spending would increase from 20 percent of GDP to 27 percent by 2050; spending on pensions would increase from 11 percent in 2010 to 15.5 percent of GDP in 2050. Rofman, Amarante, and Apella (2016) present similar findings for Uruguay: social public expenditure would remain stable in about 20 percent of GDP even when the public spending in pensions decreases because of the 1996 pension reform that increases dramatically the weight of the private pension spending.…”

Section: Demographic Transition In Latin America: a Heterogeneous Processsupporting

confidence: 71%

Aging and Productivity in Latin America

Amarante

Colacce

Manzi

2021

Lat. American Res. Rev.

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This article considers how changes in Latin American countries’ age structures may affect their long-term economic performance through the impact on labor supply, dependency ratios, and productivity. It analyzes fourteen Latin American countries using population projections for 2015–2050 and considering three scenarios. The basic scenario assumes constant sex- and age-specific behavior concerning employment, while the other two scenarios imply increases in female activity rates and significant human capital accumulation. The results illustrate the heterogeneity of Latin American countries. In some of them, major productivity increases can only be achieved through substantial changes in the incorporation of women into the labor market, and especially in the educational level of the population as a whole. However, in most of the region’s countries, the demographic factor is still favorable and there is scope to exploit the demographic dividend.

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Section: Demographic Transition In Latin America: a Heterogeneous Processsupporting

confidence: 71%

Aging and Productivity in Latin America

Amarante

Colacce

Manzi

2021

Lat. American Res. Rev.

Self Cite

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“…Uruguay is a Latin American country that has experienced significant progress in the demographic transition resulting in a mature age structure, with 19% of the population aged 60 years or older in 2015 [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent dependency classes according to the need for help: a population-based analysis for the older population

et al. 2022

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Background Older adults living in the community may have daily needs for help to perform different types of activities. In developing countries, older adults face the additional challenge of lacking sufficient economic means to face their increasing needs with ageing, and health and social policies may be under pressure. The aim of this study was to assess dependency in the older population from a developing country using a latent class approach to identify heterogeneity in the type of activities in which dependent older adults require help. Methods In this cross-sectional evaluation of dependency, we considered individuals aged 60 years and older from a nationally representative study (N = 5138) in Uruguay. We fitted latent class regressions to analyse dependency, measured by the need for help to perform Activities of Daily Living, adjusted by sociodemographic characteristics. Results Four latent classes were identified, 86.4% of the individuals were identified as non-dependent, 7.4% with help requirements to perform instrumental activities while individuals in the other two classes need help to perform all types of activities with different degrees (4.3 and 1.9%). Less educated women are more likely to be in the group with needs in instrumental activities. Conclusions The heterogeneous patterns of dependency have to be addressed with different services that meet the specific needs of dependent older adults.

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“…For instance, in Latin American countries, the share of older people has been increasing since 1990 and is expected to double between 2019 and 2050 (United Nations, 2020). Uruguay, a country with a population of 3.4 million, exhibits the oldest population in Latin America, with 19% of this population aged 60 years or older in 2015 (Rofman et al, 2016). Furthermore, it has been reported that Uruguay began its demographic transition earlier than other Latin American countries (Rofman et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uruguay, a country with a population of 3.4 million, exhibits the oldest population in Latin America, with 19% of this population aged 60 years or older in 2015 (Rofman et al, 2016). Furthermore, it has been reported that Uruguay began its demographic transition earlier than other Latin American countries (Rofman et al, 2016). Yet, despite being the country with the oldest population in Latin America, the need for help, care, or support of older Uruguayan adults, and its changes over time, has not been studied widely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependency Change with Aging and Associated Factors in Uruguay: A Cohort Study

2021

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Objectives: To assess the heterogeneity of transitions toward dependency in older adults and to explore the robustness of results to different operationalizations of dependency. Method: Using data from people aged 60 years and older from a national representative study in Uruguay ( Encuesta Longitudinal de Protección Social, N = 5071), we fitted multinomial regressions adjusted by sociodemographic and health characteristics to model transitions into dependency and death. We used a harder operationalization with basic activities of daily living (Katz-dependency) and Comprehensive-dependency with basic, instrumental, and advanced activities. Results: Increasing age (RRR = 1.08, CI = [1.05; 1.12], p < .001) and having comorbidities (RRR = 2.16, CI = [1.31; 3.57], p = .003) increased the risk of transition from nondependent to dependent using Katz-dependency. Women with at least two chronic conditions have increased risk of Comprehensive-dependency (RRR = 1.79, CI = [1.15; 2.80], p = .010). Discussion: Inconsistencies in findings emerged when evaluating transitions into dependency with the different measures, which may have social care implications.

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Demographic Change in Uruguay: Economic Opportunities and Challenges

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Aging and Productivity in Latin America

Aging and Productivity in Latin America

Latent dependency classes according to the need for help: a population-based analysis for the older population

Dependency Change with Aging and Associated Factors in Uruguay: A Cohort Study

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