Demographics of Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Single Institution Experience

Abstract

IntroductionHead and neck cancer (HNC) comprises a diverse group of oncological entities, originating from various tissue types and organ localizations, situated in the topographical regions of the head and neck (H&N). This single institution retrospective study was aimed at establishing the HNC patient demographics and categorizing the individual incidence of H&N malignancies, regarding their organ of origin and main histopathological type.Materials and methodsAll histologically verified cases of HNC from a single tertiary referral center were reviewed in a descriptive retrospective manner. Data sampling period was 47 months.ResultsMale to female ratio of the registered HNC cases was 3.24:1. The mean age of diagnosis was 63.84 ± 12.65 years, median 65 years. The most common HNC locations include the larynx 30.37% (n = 188), lips and oral cavity 29.08% (n = 180), pharynx 20.03% (n = 124) and salivary glands 10.94% (n = 68), with other locations such as the external nose, nasal cavity and sinuses and auricle and external ear canal harboring a minority of the cases. The main histopathological groups include squamous cell carcinoma 76.74% (n = 475) and adenocarcinoma 6.14% (n = 38), with other malignant entries such as other epithelial malignancies, primary tonsillar, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue or parenchymal lymphomas, connective tissue neoplasias, neuroendocrine and vascular malignancies diagnosed in a minority of cases.ConclusionConsidered to be relatively rare, HNC represents a diverse group of oncological entities with individual and specific demographic characteristics. The reported single institution results appear representative of the national incidence and characteristics of HNC.

Improve the dosimetric outcome in bilateral head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment using spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) therapy: a feasibility study

“…At the current stage, the clinical significance of low dose bath or integral dose in proton therapy is not well known yet, such concerns of radiation-induced secondary malignancy may limit the usage of proton arc technique in pediatric patients' treatment. Based on this study, we are able to conclude that the significant dosimetric advantage of SPArc therapy is to offer a better dose conformity and a better sparing the high or median-dose volume which is critical to the disease sites where the OARs adjunct to the target volume such as HNC where the average age is between 50 and 70 years old [42]. Such a feature could allow proton beam therapy to reduce acute radiation toxicity furthermore.…”

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio within Clinical Staging of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

“…This was in accordance with the result of other studies. 11 The most histopathological findings in our study were moderate differentiation (47.8%), whereas carcinoma in situ is the least histopathological finding. This contrasts with the results of a study conducted in other places in Indonesia, that most of the HNSCC patients came with a high differentiation grade or in bad differentiation), 14 or in opposite with the result in the National Referral Cancer Hospital 13 , that the most differentiation from HNSCC patients admitted in the hospital is the good differentiation.…”

Demographic and Epidemiological Profile in Ent and Head and Neck Cancer Patients

“…This is followed by adenocarcinoma and lymphoma. The main histopathological groups include squamous cell carcinoma 76.74% and adenocarcinoma 6.14% in the study conducted by George S Stoyanov et al 3 Similarly, the study conducted by Mohammad Shadab Alam et al found squamous cell carcinoma to be the most common Head and Neck carcinoma (97% cases). 8 While analysing the risk factors associated with Head and Neck carcinoma, we found that smoking and chewing together was the most common behavioural risk factor.…”

“…Male to female ratio is 2.21: 1. Male to female ratio of the registered HNC cases was 3.24:1 in the study conducted by George S Stoyanov et al 3 However, the study conducted by Mohammad Shadab Alam et al found the male to female ratio to be 16:1. 8 Our study concluded that squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type of carcinoma (87.78%).…”

“…However, the study by George S Stoyanov et al found that the primary localisation site included the larynx 30.37% (n = 188) cases, lips and oral cavity 29.08% (n = 180), pharynx 20.03% (n = 124), salivary glands 10.94% (n = 68), external nose and nasal cavity 4.69% (n = 29), auricle and external ear canal 2.75% (n = 17) and sinuses 2.1% (n = 13). 3 Mohammad Shadab Alam et al in their study found that the most common site of HNC was oral cavity followed by oropharynx and larynx. Malignancy arising from hypopharynx, nose and paranasal sinuses (PNS), and nasopharynx were uncommon.…”