Demonstration of an optical isolator by use of a nonreciprocal phase shift

Yokoi, Hiroyoshi; Mizumoto, Tetsuya; Takano, Tomoaki; Shinjo, N.

doi:10.1364/ao.38.007409

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the case of a magnetic field applied perpendicularly to the light propagation direction in a waveguide plane, the absorption of the waveguide mode is significantly different for two opposite directions of the magnetic field [8][9][10][11][12] . The third example is a waveguide covered by a transparent MO material, in this case the propagation speed of waveguide mode changes when the applied magnetic field is reversed 13,14 . In all above-mentioned cases the MO effect is non-reciprocal and linearly proportional to the intensity of the magnetic field 15 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was calculated for transparent waveguides 13,14 , hybrid waveguides 8,9 and surface plasmons [17][18][19] . Always, there was a good correspondence between calculated and experimental data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(13) can be used to derive reflectivity of MO multilayer and dispersion relation for surface plasmons and waveguide modes. If the plain wave propagates in layer 1 and is reflected by a MO multilayer, the reflection coefficient will be …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Enhancement of the transverse non-reciprocal magneto-optical effect

Zayets

Saito

Yuasa

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The origin and properties of the transverse non-reciprocal magneto-optical (nMO) effect were studied. The transverse nMO effect occurs in the case when light propagates perpendicularly to the magnetic field. It was demonstrated that light can experience the transverse nMO effect only when it propagates in the vicinity of a boundary between two materials and the optical field at least in one material is evanescent. The transverse nMO effect is pronounced in the cases of surface plasmons and waveguiding modes. The magnitude of the transverse nMO effect is comparable to or greater than the magnitude of the longitudinal nMO effect. In the case of surface plasmons propagating at a boundary between the transition metal and the dielectric it is possible to magnify the transverse nMO effect and the magneto-optical figure-of-merit may increase from a few percents to above 100%. The scalar dispersion relation, which describes the transverse MO effect in cases of waveguide modes and surface plasmons propagating in a multilayer MO slab, was derived.The magneto-optical (MO) effect is important for a variety of applications. The effect is utilized to read data in a MO disk driver 1 , to switch an optical beam in optical switches 2 and to modulate light intensity in spacial light modulators 3 . It is a powerful scientific tool to determine the local magnetization of a material, to study the bandgap structure and spin-orbit interaction in a solid 4 . A unique feature of the MO effect is nonreciprocity. The optical properties of non-reciprocal devices are different for two opposite directions of light propagation. The non-reciprocal effect can occur only in a MO material and the important optical non-reciprocal devices such as an optical isolator and an optical circulator can only be fabricated by utilizing the MO materials.The MO effect is known to occur in a configuration when light propagates along a magnetic field. When the magnetic field is applied to a material, the electrons with spin directed along and opposite to the magnetic field have different energies. Since the electrons of one spin direction interact with light either of left or right circular polarization 5-7 , light of the left and right circular polarizations experiences different refraction and absorption. When light is transmitted through a MO material, there is a difference of refractive indexes (Faraday effect) and optical absorption (magnetic circular dichroism (MCD effect)) for left and right circularly polarized light. When light is reflected from a MO material, the reflectivity of the right and left circular polarized light is different (polar and longitudinal Kerr effects). All above-mentioned effects have the same origin and the similar properties and will be referred as longitudinal MO effects.It should be no MO effect in the case of the magnetic field applied perpendicularly to the light propagation direction. Since an electromagnetic wave is transverse, its polarization should be in a plane, which is perpendicular to the light propagation direction...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Enhancement of the transverse non-reciprocal magneto-optical effect

Zayets

Saito

Yuasa

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The authors' group measured the magneto-optical phase shift experienced by the TM mode in magneto-optical garnet slab waveguides composed of YIG [28] and bismuth-substituted YIG [29] guiding layers. The isolator operation was demonstrated in the waveguide, in which a guiding layer was composed of a magneto-optical garnet [30][31][32]. The magneto-optical phase shift is also possible inside the waveguide where a magneto-optical material is placed as a cladding layer.…”

Section: Mzi Isolatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Magneto-Optical Nonreciprocal Devices for Silicon Photonics

Shoji

Mizumoto

2017

Advanced Photonics 2017 (IPR, NOMA, Sensors, Networks, SPPCom, PS)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Silicon waveguide optical non-reciprocal devices based on the magneto-optical effect are reviewed. The non-reciprocal phase shift caused by the first-order magneto-optical effect is effective in realizing optical non-reciprocal devices in silicon waveguide platforms. In a silicon-on-insulator waveguide, the low refractive index of the buried oxide layer enhances the magneto-optical phase shift, which reduces the device footprints. A surface activated direct bonding technique was developed to integrate a magneto-optical garnet crystal on the silicon waveguides. A silicon waveguide optical isolator based on the magneto-optical phase shift was demonstrated with an optical isolation of 30 dB and insertion loss of 13 dB at a wavelength of 1548 nm. Furthermore, a four port optical circulator was demonstrated with maximum isolations of 15.3 and 9.3 dB in cross and bar ports, respectively, at a wavelength of 1531 nm.

show abstract

“…measured the magneto-optic phase shift for TM mode propagating in magneto-optic garnet waveguides composed of YIG [40] and bismuth-substituted gadolinium iron garnet (Bi:GdIG) [41]. The performance of the interferometric waveguide isolator was demonstrated in the waveguide where a magneto-optic garnet was used as a guiding layer [42,43,44]. The magneto-optic phase shift is obtainable even in the waveguide where a magneto-optic material is loaded as a cladding layer [45].…”

Section: Interferometric Waveguide Isolatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Wafer Bonding and Its Application to Waveguide Optical Isolators

2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper reviews the direct bonding technique focusing on the waveguide optical isolator application. A surface activated direct bonding technique is a powerful tool to realize a tight contact between dissimilar materials. This technique has the potential advantage that dissimilar materials are bonded at low temperature, which enables one to avoid the issue associated with the difference in thermal expansion. Using this technique, a magneto-optic garnet is successfully bonded on silicon, III-V compound semiconductors and LiNbO3. As an application of this technique, waveguide optical isolators are investigated including an interferometric waveguide optical isolator and a semileaky waveguide optical isolator. The interferometric waveguide optical isolator that uses nonreciprocal phase shift is applicable to a variety of waveguide platforms. The low refractive index of buried oxide layer in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide enhances the magneto-optic phase shift, which contributes to the size reduction of the isolator. A semileaky waveguide optical isolator has the advantage of large fabrication-tolerance as well as a wide operation wavelength range.

show abstract

Demonstration of an optical isolator by use of a nonreciprocal phase shift

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

Enhancement of the transverse non-reciprocal magneto-optical effect

Enhancement of the transverse non-reciprocal magneto-optical effect

Magneto-Optical Nonreciprocal Devices for Silicon Photonics

Direct Wafer Bonding and Its Application to Waveguide Optical Isolators

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About