Demonstration of Feasibility of X-Ray Free Electron Laser Studies of Dynamics of Nanoparticles in Entangled Polymer Melts

Carnis, Jérôme; Cha, Wonsuk; Wingert, James; Kang, Jinback; Jiang, Zhang; Song, Sanghoon; Sikorski, Marcin; Robert, Aymeric; Gutt, Christian; Chen, San-Wen; Dai, Yeling; Ma, Yuchen; Guo, Hongyu; Lurio, Laurence; Shpyrko, Oleg; Narayanan, Suresh; Cui, Mengmeng; Kosif, Irem; Emrick, Todd; Russell, Thomas P.; Lee, Hae Cheol; Yu, Chung-Jong; Grübel, G.; Sinha, Sunil K.; Kim, Hyun-Jung

doi:10.1038/srep06017

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Another recent study at the LCLS used X-ray photon Downloaded by [New York University] at 06:05 08 June 2015 correlation spectroscopy to measure the relaxation dynamics of Au nanoparticles suspended in polymer melts. [383] While these techniques differ markedly from the X-ray scattering techniques previously discussed here, they offer great potential by enabling one to obtain a complete set of structural information about an individual nanoparticle, rather than an ensemble average.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray scattering characterisation of nanoparticles

Ingham

2015

Crystallography Reviews

144

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This article provides, in tutorial style, a review of X-ray scattering methods commonly used to characterise nanoparticles and gives numerous case studies of basic science and industrial applications right up to the present. It is divided into two major sections, broadly covering Xray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scattering. Each section begins with a brief introduction to the technique and the information that can be obtained by using it, followed by a discussion on experimental considerations, with a particular focus on nanoparticle characterisation. The techniques and analysis methods are demonstrated by way of examples of a wide variety of nanoparticle materials and synthesis methods. Recent advances in related techniques such as anomalous scattering and pair distribution function analysis are also described and discussed.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray scattering characterisation of nanoparticles

Ingham

2015

Crystallography Reviews

144

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“…Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) [94,95] and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) [18,[96][97][98] experiments are at the heart of the activities planned. In addition, high resolution time-resolved scattering [99,100], nano-beam scattering/imaging [101,102] and novel correlation techniques [103] are foreseen at MID taking advantage of the unique time structure and high peak intensity of the European XFEL beam.…”

Section: Scientific Scope and X-ray Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon Beam Transport and Scientific Instruments at the European XFEL

et al. 2017

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Featured Application: This article describes the layout of the European XFEL, a soft and hard X-ray free-electron laser user facility starting operation in 2017. Emphasis is put on the photon beam systems, scientific applications and the instrumentation of the scientific instruments of the European XFEL.Abstract: European XFEL is a free-electron laser (FEL) user facility providing soft and hard X-ray FEL radiation to initially six scientific instruments. Starting user operation in fall 2017 European XFEL will provide new research opportunities to users from science domains as diverse as physics, chemistry, geo-and planetary sciences, materials sciences or biology. The unique feature of European XFEL is the provision of high average brilliance in the soft and hard X-ray regime, combined with the pulse properties of FEL radiation of extreme peak intensities, femtosecond pulse duration and high degree of coherence. The high average brilliance is achieved through acceleration of up to 27,000 electron bunches per second by the super-conducting electron accelerator. Enabling the usage of this high average brilliance in user experiments is one of the major instrumentation drivers for European XFEL. The radiation generated by three FEL sources is distributed via long beam transport systems to the experiment hall where the scientific instruments are located side-by-side. The X-ray beam transport systems have been optimized to maintain the unique features of the FEL radiation which will be monitored using build-in photon diagnostics. The six scientific instruments are optimized for specific applications using soft or hard X-ray techniques and include integrated lasers, dedicated sample environment, large area high frame rate detector(s) and computing systems capable of processing large quantities of data.

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“…XPCS is the application of dynamic light scattering in the X-ray regime [92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100] and utilizes the high coherence of the novel X-ray laser sources, which allows to resolve the X-ray speckle pattern [101]. A speckle pattern is simply intensity fluctuations of scattered light, caused by interference between the wavefronts that originate from the scattering of a coherent beam on individual atoms.…”

Section: Perspective: Probing True Equilibrium Water Dynamics Using Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing water with X-ray lasers

Nilsson

Schreck

Perakis

et al. 2016

Advances in Physics: X

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Here, we discuss three cases where the X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source, has been used to probe water. The ability to cool water very rapidly down to 227 K and to probe it with ultrashort (50 fs) X-ray pulses before freezing has allowed for investigating water structure below the previous limit of homogeneous ice nucleation. It was found that at the temperature where the thermodynamic response functions, such as heat capacity and isothermal compressibility, seem to diverge there is no discontinuous change in structure, but instead an accelerated transformation from a disordered state to a strongly tetrahedral. The ice nucleation rate in bulk-like micron-sized water droplets could be determined for temperatures down to 227 K and was shown to be ~8 orders of magnitude lower than previous data for nanodroplets. The application to X-ray spectroscopy is discussed based on measurements at high X-ray fluence where multiple valence-hole states can be generated. Finally, a perspective to the future is presented regarding X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy with which true equilibrium dynamical properties can be studied.

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Demonstration of Feasibility of X-Ray Free Electron Laser Studies of Dynamics of Nanoparticles in Entangled Polymer Melts

Cited by 45 publications

References 37 publications

X-ray scattering characterisation of nanoparticles

X-ray scattering characterisation of nanoparticles

Photon Beam Transport and Scientific Instruments at the European XFEL

Probing water with X-ray lasers

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