Dendritic Cell Dysfunction During Primary HIV-1 Infection

Abstract

Dendritic cells have critical roles for generating and fine-tuning adaptive immune responses and for regulating immune activity through cytokine secretion. In this study, we analyzed functional properties of dendritic cells in primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We found substantial disarray of the functional properties of myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in acute HIV-1 infection, which included defective antigen-presenting and cytokine secretion properties and was associated with a distinct surface expression profile of immunomodulatory dendritic cell receptors from the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor family. These data indicate that key functional properties of dendritic cells are compromised during primary HIV-1 infection.

Immunosenescence and hurdles in the clinical management of older HIV-patients

“…61 While plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are APCs which can exert antiviral activities mainly by producing abundant amounts of interferon-a (IFN-a). 60 pDC function usually decreases both in HIV patients and in older people. TLR function of pDC in chronic and primary HIV infection is related to IFN-a production and induction of NK cytotoxicity.…”

“…[58][59] Myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) are professional APCs with strong antigen-presenting properties able to influence immune activation through secretion of regulatory cytokines. 60 TLR function of mDC changes in HIV-infected people depending on the stage of infection. 61 While plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are APCs which can exert antiviral activities mainly by producing abundant amounts of interferon-a (IFN-a).…”

Immune responses during spontaneous control of HIV and AIDS: what is the hope for a cure?

“…For example, selection of particular high-avidity TCR clonotypes associated with a broader capacity to recognize epitope variants and to orchestrate enhanced cytolytic functions has been shown to distinguish HICs from viraemic HIV-infected patients sharing the same protective HLA class I alleles [129,130]. Selection of such clonotypes occurs very early, [131] (blood). By contrast, myeloid dendritic cells from HICs have enhanced antigen-presenting capacities, but produce lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( [132] and our own unpublished data, 2013).…”

Células dendríticas plasmocitóides, expressão de receptores "Toll-like" 9 e 3 e de podoplanina nas lesões cutâneas do Sarcoma de Kaposi associado à síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida e esporádico

“…Os trabalhos da literatura que abordam as CDp no SK-Aids e SKc, enfocam o comportamento dessa população celular somente no sangue periférico Della Bella et al, 2006;Huang et al, 2011). Não encontramos, na literatura, trabalhos que abordam a presença e participação das CDp nos sítios de lesão do SK.…”

“…A coinfecção pelo HHV-8 também contribuiria para esse processo de envelhecimento imunológico (Unemori et al, 2013 (Huang et al, 2011) como na infecção crônica pelo HIV (Feldman et al, 2001;Jacobs, 2010 (West et al, 2011;Knowlton et al, 2013), assim como o parasitismo de CDp pelo HIV (Swiecki;Colonna, 2010;O'Brien et al, 2013). Desse modo podemos inferir que as CDp, embora mais numerosas no SK do que no GP, por serem parasitadas e estarem sob a influência viral não estariam exercendo atividades anti-virais adequadas, nos sítios de lesão.…”