Immunosenescence and hurdles in the clinical management of older HIV-patients

Ripa, Marco; Chiappetta, Stefania; Tambussi, Giuseppe

doi:10.1080/21505594.2017.1292197

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 163 publications

(264 reference statements)

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“…The immune system is subject to several changes throughout life, and protects against infectious pathogens, but ultimately lose functionality by e.g., immunosenescence. Immunosenescence is partly influenced by external factors such as diet and infections, but also has a genetic component (369)(370)(371)(372)(373)(374)(375). Centenarians, for instance, seem to have gene variants that allow an optimized balance between pro-and anti-inflammatory molecules (376).…”

Section: Therapeutic Approaches To Increase Immunity In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and Options to Halt Declining Immunity to Virus Infections

et al. 2021

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Immunosenescence is a process associated with aging that leads to dysregulation of cells of innate and adaptive immunity, which may become dysfunctional. Consequently, older adults show increased severity of viral and bacterial infections and impaired responses to vaccinations. A better understanding of the process of immunosenescence will aid the development of novel strategies to boost the immune system in older adults. In this review, we focus on major alterations of the immune system triggered by aging, and address the effect of chronic viral infections, effectiveness of vaccination of older adults and strategies to improve immune function in this vulnerable age group.

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Section: Therapeutic Approaches To Increase Immunity In Older Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and Options to Halt Declining Immunity to Virus Infections

et al. 2021

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“…39,40 The incidence of infection and noninfectious comorbidity is also higher in HIV-infected people compared with HIVnegative groups, where the duration from infection to diagnosis in HIV is a strong predictor. 41 In addition, late presentation for HIV diagnosis exhibits an increased risk for age-related noninfectious comorbidity and multiple morbidity compared with individuals with early presentation for HIV diagnosis and matched HIV-negative individuals. This is also relevant in patients older than the age of 50 years.…”

Section: Late Diagnosis Of Hiv In Old Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Alteration of Gut Microbiota: The Role of HIV Infection and Old Age

Ashuro

Lobie

et al. 2020

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection results in gut microbiota alteration and this is associated with immune activation and chronic inflammation. The gastrointestinal tract is a primary site of viral replication and thus HIV-induced loss of T-helper (Th) cells in the gut causes impairments in intestinal barriers, resulting in disruptions in intestinal immunity and precipitating into gut dysbiosis. Here, we show that late HIV diagnosis can negatively affect the immunological, virological, and clinical prognosis of the patients with its higher implication at an older age. Further, the review indicates that antiretroviral therapy affects the gut microbiota. We discussed the use of probiotics and prebiotics that have been indicated to play a promising role in reversing gut microbiota alteration in HIV patients. Though there are several studies reported with regard to such alterations in gut microbiota regarding HIV infection, there is a need to provide comprehensive updates. It is, therefore, the objective of this review to present most recently available evidence on the alteration of gut microbiota among HIV patients.

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“…Moreover, older HIV patients tend to have a worse immunological response to ART. This finding is gaining enormous importance as an increasing number of HIV-infected patients are expected to be more than 50 years old in the near future [1, 105]. …”

Section: Effect Of Art On Immunosenescence: Friend or Foe?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial and Detrimental Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV-Associated Immunosenescence

Franzese¹,

Barbaccia²,

Bonmassar³

et al. 2018

Chemotherapy

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Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy more than 2 decades ago, HIV-related deaths have dramatically decreased and HIV infection has become a chronic disease. Due to the inability of antiretroviral drugs to eradicate the virus, treatment of HIV infection requires a systemic lifelong therapy. However, even when successfully treated, HIV patients still show increased incidence of age-associated co-morbidities compared with uninfected individuals. Virus- induced immunosenescence, a process characterized by a progressive decline of immune system function, contributes to the premature ageing observed in HIV patients. Although antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved both the quality and length of patient lives, the life expectancy of treated patients is still shorter compared with that of uninfected individuals. In particular, while antiretroviral therapy can contrast some features of HIV-associated immunosenescence, several anti-HIV agents may themselves contribute to other aspects of immune ageing. Moreover, older HIV patients tend to have a worse immunological response to the antiviral therapy. In this review we will examine the available evidence on the role of antiretroviral therapy in the control of the main features regulating immunosenescence.

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Immunosenescence and hurdles in the clinical management of older HIV-patients

Cited by 11 publications

References 163 publications

Aging and Options to Halt Declining Immunity to Virus Infections

Aging and Options to Halt Declining Immunity to Virus Infections

Review on the Alteration of Gut Microbiota: The Role of HIV Infection and Old Age

Beneficial and Detrimental Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV-Associated Immunosenescence

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