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Com o envelhecimento populacional, as doenças crônicas relacionadas aos idosos, como a osteoporose, aumentaram gerando um problema de saúde pública que afeta diretamente a qualidade de vida da população. A osteoporose é uma doença sistêmica que causa o desequilíbrio mineral dos ossos causando fragilidade óssea e um aumento na probabilidade de fraturas. Além dos ossos longos, pode acometer os processos alveolares da maxila e da mandíbula, podendo agravar a doença periodontal e levar a uma perda dentária. O objetivo deste trabalho é abordar através de uma revisão da literatura os conhecimentos atuais sobre a possível influência da osteoporose na doença periodontal e nos níveis de densidade mineral óssea alveolar.Palavras-chave: Osteoporose, Periodontite, Densidade Mineral Óssea.
Com o envelhecimento populacional, as doenças crônicas relacionadas aos idosos, como a osteoporose, aumentaram gerando um problema de saúde pública que afeta diretamente a qualidade de vida da população. A osteoporose é uma doença sistêmica que causa o desequilíbrio mineral dos ossos causando fragilidade óssea e um aumento na probabilidade de fraturas. Além dos ossos longos, pode acometer os processos alveolares da maxila e da mandíbula, podendo agravar a doença periodontal e levar a uma perda dentária. O objetivo deste trabalho é abordar através de uma revisão da literatura os conhecimentos atuais sobre a possível influência da osteoporose na doença periodontal e nos níveis de densidade mineral óssea alveolar.Palavras-chave: Osteoporose, Periodontite, Densidade Mineral Óssea.
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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;">Com o aumento da expectativa de vida, doenças crônicas relacionadas ao envelhecimento, como a osteoporose, ganham expressão na sociedade, representando forte impacto na qualidade de vida. Afora os conhecidos efeitos na estrutura esquelética (fragilidade óssea e aumento na probabilidade de ocorrência de fraturas), a osteoporose pós-menopausal tem sido sugerida na literatura como fator interferente no desenvolvimento da doença periodontal e, consequentemente, perda dentária. Dessa forma, este trabalho se propôs abordar a possível relação entre osteoporose e condição periodontal em mulheres na fase pós-menopausal, por meio de uma atualizada revisão da literatura, destacando os aspectos relevantes dessas doenças.</span></p>
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and has been considered a risk factor for periodontal disease. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to verify the scientific evidence for the association of periodontal attachment loss with low BMD in postmenopausal women. A systematic search of the literature was performed in databases until August 2016, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligibility criteria included studies that compared clinical attachment loss (CAL) between postmenopausal women with low and normal BMD. Studies using similar methodology, with lower and higher risk of bias, were pooled into 3 different meta-analyses to compare CAL among women with normal BMD, osteoporosis, and osteopenia. In the first meta-analysis, mean CAL was compared among groups. In the other 2 meta-analyses, the mean percentages of sites with CAL ≥4 mm and ≥6 mm were respectively compared among groups. From 792 unique citations, 26 articles were selected for the qualitative synthesis. Eleven of the studies were appraised as presenting low risk of bias, and the association between low BMD and CAL was observed in 10 of these studies. Thirteen cross-sectional articles were included in the meta-analysis for osteoporosis and 9 in the osteopenia analysis. Women with low BMD presented greater mean CAL than those with normal BMD (osteoporosis = 0.34 mm [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.20-0.49], P < 0.001; osteopenia = 0.07 mm [95% CI, 0.01-0.13], P = 0.02). Only studies with lower risk of bias were available for the analysis of CAL severity. Women with low BMD presented more severe attachment loss, represented as mean percentage of sites with CAL ≥4 mm (osteoporosis = 3.04 [95% CI, 1.23-4.85], P = 0.001; osteopenia = 1.74 [95% CI, 0.36-3.12], P = 0.01) and CAL ≥6 mm (osteoporosis = 5.07 [95% CI, 2.74-7.40], P < 0.001). This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia may exhibit greater CAL compared with women with normal BMD.
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