The association between PD and PLBW weight was consistent, except for exposure measurement 1, i.e. using at least one site with CAL> or =3 mm for periodontitis diagnosis, while the magnitude of this varied according to the definition established.

Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and low educational levels have a greater chance of having periodontal disease than do those without osteoporosis.

The findings suggest an association between periodontal disease and low birth weight among mothers with low education levels.

These findings highlight that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis/osteopenia had a greater chance of presenting periodontitis than those with normal bone mineral density, particularly among nonusers of osteoporosis medications and women with a greater number of remaining teeth.

OBJECTIVE To estimate time in days from the beginning of follow-up up to the development of dental caries in children under 30 months and to assess risk factors potentially affecting the development of the disease.METHODS The study population of the cohort study were children attending public, private, and charitable day care centers in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil, followed up for fourteen months. We used the multivariate Cox regression to estimate risk and Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the caries-free time.RESULTS Of the 495 children studied, 112 developed caries (22.6%). Mean caries-free time was 248.6 (SD = 96.2) days. The comparasion of curves by age group (> 24 months) and children attending public day care showed more caries in a shorter period (p < 0.00). The following variables were important risk factors for increased rate of caries: district of origin (HR = 1.88, 95%CI 1.27–2.77), category of day care (HR = 3.88, 95%CI 2.04–7.38), age (HR = 1.77, 95%CI 1.15–2.74), bottle-feeding before sleep time after the age of 12 months (HR = 1.62, 95%CI 1.04–2.51), presence of active white spots (HR = 2.70, 95%CI 1.07–6.80), and living in non-masonry house (HR = 1.68, 95%CI 1.02–2.76). The highest hazard ratio (HR = 4.60, 95%CI 2.80–7.42) was found for previous caries experience.CONCLUSIONS Social variables were considered as of high risk for the development of dental caries.