Dental calculus: the calcified biofilm and its role in disease development

Akcalı, Aliye; Lang, Niklaus P.

doi:10.1111/prd.12151

Cited by 105 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This unexpected finding may have occurred because although almost 90% of the participants reported adequate toothbrushing frequency, nearly 40% of the adolescents had one or more tooth with dental calculus and, therefore poor effectiveness of oral hygiene. Therefore, our findings may be explained because optimal oral hygiene is also influenced by the use of adequate tools, appropriate toothbrushing technique, and motivation …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Therefore, our findings may be explained because optimal oral hygiene is also influenced by the use of adequate tools, appropriate toothbrushing technique, and motivation. 33 In this study, oral hygiene was assessed through toothbrushing frequency and oral hygiene effectiveness. The latter was measured according to the number of teeth with dental calculus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors on gingivitis in socially disadvantaged adolescents

Koga

Herkrath

Vettore

et al. 2019

Journal of Periodontology

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Background Evidence on the possible influence of social and psychosocial factors on gingival status in socially disadvantaged children is scarce. The aim of this study is to assess the relationships among socioeconomic status, pattern of dental visits, self‐esteem, oral health beliefs, toothbrushing frequency, oral hygiene effectiveness, and gingivitis in low social status adolescents. Methods A cross‐sectional study was performed involving 406 12‐year‐old students recruited in Manaus, Brazil. Socioeconomic status (family income, parent's schooling, number of goods, and household crowding), self‐esteem, oral health beliefs, and frequency of toothbrushing were collected through self‐completed questionnaires. Gingival status (bleeding on probing) and oral hygiene effectiveness (dental calculus) were evaluated by calibrated dentists through oral examinations. Structural equation modeling assessed the direct and indirect relationships between variables guided by a theoretical model. Results The prevalence of gingivitis was 77.6%. Worse socioeconomic status and poor oral hygiene effectiveness directly predicted gingival bleeding. Socioeconomic status was also linked to toothbrushing frequency. Positive oral health beliefs and higher self‐esteem predicted higher frequency of toothbrushing. The latter was directly linked to greater oral hygiene effectiveness. Oral health beliefs and self‐esteem indirectly predicted gingival bleeding via toothbrushing frequency and oral hygiene effectiveness. Conclusion The present findings suggest the importance of socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors on gingival status in underprivileged adolescents. Poor oral hygiene mediated the associations between psychosocial factors and gingival status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors on gingivitis in socially disadvantaged adolescents

Koga

Herkrath

Vettore

et al. 2019

Journal of Periodontology

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“…A national survey in America reported that a high level of physical activity prevented periodontitis. Indeed, physical activity was positively associated with antibodies in the orange and blue complex related to healthy periodontal states [40]. In addition, it has been reported that periodontal disease often occurs in elderly individuals with poor health activities and conditions [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of lingual site toothbrushing on periodontal disease in the elderly: a cross-sectional study

Yang

Lee

Jin³

2020

Preprint

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Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between periodontitis and toothbrushing on the lingual surfaces of teeth (lingual toothbrushing) among community dwelling Korean elders.Methods: A total of 150 elderly participants (34 males and 116 females) from Seoul, Korea, were cross-sectionally examined. Socio-demographic, habitual, and systemic health-related factors were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed for outcomes of periodontitis.Results: Oral health activities including lingual toothbrushing were closely correlated with oral health status. Lingual toothbrushing demonstrated a significant association with periodontitis. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 8.98 (1.30-62.15) with inclusion of demographic status, systemic health status, oral health activity, and oral health status.Conclusions: Here, we demonstrate that lingual toothbrushing is associated with periodontitis in the elderly. The importance of lingual toothbrushing should be emphasized in oral health education.

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“…Patient participants were initially screened for availability on one of three data collection dates and the eligibility criteria. Eligible patient participants were adults aged 18 and over with good general health and no history of professional cleaning within the past 6 months, which increased the likelihood of readily detectable calculus . Ineligible patient participants were those with uncontrolled systemic disorders and a history of professional cleaning within the past 6 months.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of calculus detection among dental hygienists using an explorer and ultrasonic insert

Partido

Webb

Carr

2019

Int J Dental Hygiene

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Introduction Periodontal therapy disrupts the biofilm harbouring calculus that triggers inflammation. The explorer is primarily used for calculus detection, and the ultrasonic instrument is primarily used for calculus removal. The efficiency in dental hygiene care may improve if the ultrasonic instrument could be used in both calculus detection and removal. Purpose The purpose of this study was to validate the effectiveness of calculus detection between the Thinsert® ultrasonic insert and the 11/12 explorer. Methods Upon IRB approval, this validation study involved three dental hygiene faculty from the Ohio State University Dental Hygiene Program and 30 patient participants from the Ohio State University community. Using both instruments, calculus was evaluated on Ramfjord index teeth and on four possible surfaces per tooth. Data were analysed to evaluate for interrater reliability, intrarater reliability, sensitivity, and specificity. Results For interrater reliability, the average measure of intraclass coefficient (ICC) value was 0.782 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.749‐0.810 (F(1439, 2878) = 4.852, P < 0.01). For intrarater reliability, mean Kappa averages were in the full agreement range (κ = 0.726, n = 2160, P < 0.01). When using the Thinsert® for calculus detection, the sensitivity was 75%, specificity was 97%, PPV was 81%, and NPV was 94%. Conclusion Since calculus evaluation was comparable when using the ODU 11/12 explorer and the Thinsert®, efforts can be focused on developing the tactile sensitivity when using the Thinsert® ultrasonic instrument in the assessment, treatment, and maintenance of periodontal disease and the support of oral health. The efficiency in dental hygiene care may improve by using the Thinsert® ultrasonic instrument in both the detection and removal of calculus.

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Dental calculus: the calcified biofilm and its role in disease development

Cited by 105 publications

References 47 publications

The role of socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors on gingivitis in socially disadvantaged adolescents

The role of socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors on gingivitis in socially disadvantaged adolescents

Effects of lingual site toothbrushing on periodontal disease in the elderly: a cross-sectional study

Comparison of calculus detection among dental hygienists using an explorer and ultrasonic insert

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