Dental Manifestations and Celiac Disease—An Overview

Wieser, Herbert; Amato, Massimo; Caggiano, Mario; Ciacci, Carolina

doi:10.3390/jcm12082801

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A recent paper by Ahmed et al [ 21 ] on 118 CD patients and 40 controls showed that DED was present in 66.9% of adult patients with CD (age range 20–37.23 vs. 21.3–36.8). The correlation between CD and DEDs could involve factors beyond nutritional deficiencies, including the timing of amelogenesis interruption and autoimmune reactions against amelogenins and ameloblastin, which guide enamel mineralization [ 54 ]. Sera from CD patients can recognize amelogenins, a prominent component in the enamel matrix; this was further supported by the discovery of high IgG reactivity against gliadin peptides and enamel matrix protein extract in patients with untreated CD, indicating a pathological role for antibodies to gliadin in DEDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Gut: A Systematic Review of Oral Manifestations in Celiac Disease

Lucchese

Stasio

Stefano

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated gluten-sensitive enteropathy, affecting about 1% of the population. The most common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and malabsorption. Extra-intestinal symptoms include oral manifestations. This systematic review aims to catalog and characterize oral manifestations in patients with CD. Methods: a systematic literature review among different search engines using PICOS criteria has been performed. The studies included used the following criteria: tissues and anatomical structures of the oral cavity in humans, published in English and available in full text. Review articles and papers published before 1990 were excluded. Results: 209 articles were identified in the initial search. In the end, 33 articles met the selection criteria. The information extracted from the articles was classified based on the type of oral manifestation. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (34.6%), atrophic glossitis and geographic tongue (15.26%), enamel defects (42.47%), delayed dental eruption (47.34%), xerostomia (38.05%), glossodynia (14.38%), and other manifestations including cheilitis, fissured tongue, periodontal diseases, and oral lichen planus were found in the celiac subjects of the studies analyzed. The quality of articles on the topic should be improved; however, oral manifestations in CD patients are widely described in the literature and could help diagnose celiac disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Gut: A Systematic Review of Oral Manifestations in Celiac Disease

Lucchese

Stasio

Stefano

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…Several dental manifestations have been described in CeD in particular, such as delayed dental eruption and maturity in children, dental enamel defects (DEDs), dental caries, dental plaque, and periodontitis in children and adults [ 8 ] ( Figure 2 ; Table 1 ). A case–control study from Saudi Arabia evaluated the presence of DEDs in 104 children with CeD and 104 non-CeD children [ 9 ].…”

Section: Oral Cavity Nose and Earsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early diagnostics for CeD and a strict GFD may help prevent these complaints. Recent investigations supplemented older contradictory studies on the association between CeD and dental caries, dental plaque, and periodontitis; however, clear conclusions could not be reached [ 8 ]. All in all, the link between CeD and DED has been proved.…”

Section: Oral Cavity Nose and Earsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Celiac Disease, Extra-Gastrointestinal Manifestations, and Gluten-Free Diet: A Narrative Overview

Santonicola,

Wieser,

Gizzi

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Millions of children and adults worldwide suffer from undiagnosed and untreated celiac disease (CeD). The clinical picture of CeD is highly heterogeneous and comprises manifestations that can affect almost the whole body. This narrative overview is aimed at characterizing diseases and complaints that are associated with unrecognized CeD and that frequently involve sites other than the gastrointestinal (G.I.) tract, i.e., dental, otorhinolaryngological, and ocular complications; skin and hair abnormalities; afflictions of the bones, joints, and muscles; cardiovascular affectations; kidney diseases; neuro-psychiatric disorders; and gynecological–obstetrical manifestations. The association between CeD and extra-GI manifestations is frequently overlooked, which leads to a delay in diagnosis. Most CeD-mediated disorders can be treated with a strict gluten-free diet (GFD), but some of them are irreversible unless CeD is diagnosed in time. Some manifestations can be classified as risk factors for CeD, and CeD screening tests for affected patients should be selectively considered. Apart from gastroenterologists, specialists in other medical disciplines can play an important role in identifying people with unrecognized CeD and may help prevent its progress and long-term complications. Further comprehensive investigations are necessary to clarify the pathogenesis of extra-GI manifestations and the effect of a GFD.

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“…The oral cavity is intricately connected to systemic health, and changes in oral tissues can reflect underlying systemic conditions [ 64 ]. Recognizing the oral manifestations of CD, particularly enamel defects, emphasizes the role of dentists as integral contributors to the comprehensive healthcare team [ 65 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celiac Disease-Related Enamel Defects: A Systematic Review

Inchingolo,

Dipalma,

Viapiano

et al. 2024

JCM

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Introduction: This systematic review aims to elucidate the intricate correlation between celiac disease (CD) and dental enamel defects (DED), exploring pathophysiological mechanisms, oral health implications, and a dentist’s role in early diagnosis. Materials and methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search from 1 January 2013 to 1 January 2024 across PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science identified 153 publications. After exclusions, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis. Inclusion criteria involved study types (RCTs, RCCTs, case series), human participants, English language, and full-text available. Results: The search yielded 153 publications, with 18 studies meeting the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis. Notable findings include a high prevalence of DED in CD patients, ranging from 50 to 94.1%. Symmetrical and chronological defects, according to Aine’s classification, were predominant, and significant associations were observed between CD severity and enamel defect extent. Conclusions: The early recognition of oral lesions, particularly through Aine’s classification, may signal potential CD even in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Correlations between CD and dental health conditions like molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) emphasize the dentist’s crucial role in early diagnosis. Collaboration between dentists and gastroenterologists is essential for effective monitoring and management. This review consolidates current knowledge, laying the groundwork for future research and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration for improved CD-related oral health outcomes. Further large-scale prospective research is recommended to deepen our understanding of these issues.

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Dental Manifestations and Celiac Disease—An Overview

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

Beyond the Gut: A Systematic Review of Oral Manifestations in Celiac Disease

Beyond the Gut: A Systematic Review of Oral Manifestations in Celiac Disease

Associations between Celiac Disease, Extra-Gastrointestinal Manifestations, and Gluten-Free Diet: A Narrative Overview

Celiac Disease-Related Enamel Defects: A Systematic Review

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