Dental treatment of post-myocardial infarction patients: A review of the literature

Abstract

Patients who have suffered a heart attack often require dental treatment. The inflammation of the oral cavity not only reduces the quality of life, but also negatively affects the course of ischemic heart disease. Dental treatment in patients with a history of myocardial infarction seems complicated, since these patients require special consideration with regard to the timing and form of dental treatment as well as to the precautions required. Patients at risk of cardiac complications that are greater than the benefits of dental treatment should be identified and only the most urgent conditions should be treated. The aim of this study was to present the latest guidelines for dental treatment in patients who have suffered myocardial infarction. We reviewed the available literature explaining when dental treatment can be undertaken, whether antibiotic prophylaxis is required, whether the patient can be anesthetized locally, and how to provide the maximum safety during the visit. The principles of the surgical treatment of patients receiving drugs that affect hemostasis were also reviewed.

Dental implant considerations in patients with systemic diseases: An updated comprehensive review

“…Those who have experienced a heart attack may still need dental care since oral inflammation can worsen ischaemic heart disease and lower a patient's quality of life 39 . While it necessitates careful consideration of the time and nature of the treatment and the essential precautions to ensure the patient's safety, dental treatment for individuals with a history of heart attacks can be challenging.…”

“…Although not contraindicated, the dental practitioner must wait until preliminary stabilization of the patient's condition 42 . A 6‐month stabilization period has been recommended 43 ; however, several variables, including the type and severity of the disease, the chosen course of treatment and potential post‐MI complications, can increase/decrease the likelihood of recurrence 39 . The effects of heart attacks on the success of implant‐based dental procedures are poorly understood or supported by existing data.…”

“…Those who have experienced a heart attack may still need dental care since oral inflammation can worsen ischaemic heart disease and lower a patient's quality of life. 39 While it necessitates careful consideration of the time and nature of the treatment and the essential precautions to ensure the patient's safety, dental treatment for individuals with a history of heart attacks can be challenging. The risk of death or a heart attack within 1 month following a dental treatment is typically less than 1%, making dental procedures, including implant treatments, have a low contribution to cardiovascular risk.…”