Dentine Tubule Occlusion by Novel Bioactive Glass-Based Toothpastes

Abstract

There are numerous over-the-counter (OTC) and professionally applied (in-office) products and techniques currently available for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity (DH), but more recently, the use of bioactive glasses in toothpaste formulations have been advocated as a possible solution to managing DH. Aim. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to compare several bioactive glass formulations to investigate their effectiveness in an established in vitro model. Materials and Methods. A 45S5 glass was synthesized in the laboratory together with several other glass formulations: (1) a mixed glass (fluoride and chloride), (2) BioMinF, (3) a chloride glass, and (4) an amorphous chloride glass. The glass powders were formulated into five different toothpaste formulations. Dentine discs were sectioned from extracted human teeth and prepared for the investigation by removing the cutting debris (smear layer) following sectioning using a 6% citric acid solution for 2 minutes. Each disc was halved to provide test and control halves for comparison following the brushing of the five toothpaste formulations onto the test halves for each toothpaste group. Following the toothpaste application, the test discs were immersed in either artificial saliva or exposed to an acid challenge. Results. The dentine samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and observation of the SEM images indicated that there was good surface coverage following artificial saliva immersion. Furthermore, although the acid challenge removed the hydroxyapatite layer on the dentine surface for most of the samples, except for the amorphous chloride glass, there was evidence of tubular occlusion in the dentine tubules. Conclusions. The conclusions from the study would suggest that the inclusion of bioactive glass into a toothpaste formulation may be an effective approach to treat DH.

Dentin Tubule Occlusion Potential of Novel Dentifrices Having Fluoride Containing Bioactive Glass and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

“…ion [19] in the apatite structure of enamel. The FAP is known to have better chemical stability and lesser bioresorption rate than HAP [20]. Fluoride is quite effective in enamel remineralization, but its effect on DH is rather limited [21].…”

Effects of microsurface structure of bioactive nanoparticles on dentinal tubules as a dentin desensitizer

“…Once BGN powder comes into contact with a biological fluid, such as saliva, it releases sodium and calcium ions and increases pH, thereby creating an alkaline environment [17]. In an alkaline environment, calcium and phosphate ions form an apatite that occludes the dentinal tubule and diminishes fluid movement within the dentinal tubule [18]. Recent studies reported successful dentinal tubule occlusion and dentin remineralization using BGN.…”

A randomised clinical trial on the efficacy of 5% fluorocalcium phosphosilicate‐containing novel bioactive glass toothpaste

“…This recently introduced formulation has not been extensively researched by clinicians and researchers. Currently, there appears to be limited in vivo studies on BioMin‐F, although several in vitro studies have published. Therefore, as a result of the limited data available that would support the efficacy of this formulation it was considered appropriate to conduct a study to evaluate the efficacy of BioMin‐F for the treatment of DH.…”